[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40156-en":3,"doc-seo-40156-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},40156,687197100911,"Himbo","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1782698725881665579",2,"Literature","Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus","A dual-language presentation of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, introduced by Bertrand Russell, explores how logically perfect language connects words and things through conditions for accurate symbolism. The introduction outlines the book’s scope across logical structure, inference, theory of knowledge, principles of physics, ethics, and the mystical, emphasizing that misuse of language and misunderstanding of symbolic principles generate traditional philosophical problems. Emphasis is placed on sense, reference, and the uniqueness of meaning in symbol combinations.","Project Gutenberg✬s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, by Ludwig Wittgenstein  \nThis eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at [www.gutenberg.org. If](www.gutenberg.org. If) you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook .  \nTitle: Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus  \nAuthor: Ludwig Wittgenstein  \nContributor: Bertrand Russell  \nTranslator: C . K . Ogden  \nRelease Date: October 22, 2010 [eBook \\#5740]  \nRevised: December 13, 2021  \nLanguage: German  \nCharacter set encoding: UTF-8  \n*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TRACTATUS LOGICO-PHILOSOPHICUS ***  \nProduced by Jana Srna, Norbert H . Langkau, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at [http://www.pgdp.net](http://www.pgdp.net)[ ](http://www.pgdp.net)Revised by Richard Tonsing  \nTRANSCRIBER✬S NOTE  \nThe original publication was a parallel translation; after the introduction, even pages contained the German original, odd pages the English translation. This e-book has been reformatted to contain the English translation ✜rst and the German original after that. In the PDF ✜le, the proposition numbers are linked back and forth between the languages.  \nThe original used a lower-case ❵v✬ for the logical or operator; it has been replaced with the correct ❵∨✬ character.  \nIn the German part of the original, variables were printed upright; they have been italicised in this e-book.  \nEvery e✛ort has been made to replicate the original text as faithfully as possible. Minor typesetting errors have been corrected; all changes are detailed in the LATEX source code.  \nInternational Library of Psychology Philosophy and Scienti✜c Method  \nGeneral Editor: C. K. Ogden, m.a.  \n(Magdalene College, Cambridge)  \nTractatus Logico-Philosophicus  \nBy  \nLUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN  \nWith an Introduction by BERTRAND RUSSELL, F.R.S.  \nLONDON  \nKEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. , LTD. NEW YORK: HARCOURT, BRACE & COMPANY, INC.  \n1922  \nPRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN BY THE EDINBURGH PRESS, 9 AND 11 YOUNG STREET, EDINBURGH.  \nNOTE  \nIn rendering Mr Wittgenstein✬s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus available for English readers, the somewhat unusual course has been adopted of printing the original side by side with the translation. Such a method of presentation seemed desirable both on account of the obvious di✣culties raised by the vocabulary and in view of the peculiar literary character of the whole. As a result, a certain latitude has been possible in passages to which objection might otherwise be taken as over-literal.  \nThe proofs of the translation and the version of the original which appeared in the ✜nal number of Ostwald✬s Annalen der Naturphilosophie (1921) have been very carefully revised by the author himself; and the Editor further desires to express his indebtedness to Mr F. P. Ramsey, of Trinity College, Cambridge, for assistance both with the translation and in the preparation of the book for the press.  \nC. K. O.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nBy BERTRAND RUSSELL  \nMr Wittgenstein✬s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, whether or not it prove to give the ultimate truth on the matters with which it deals, certainly deserves, by its breadth and scope and profundity, to be considered an important event in the philosophical world. Starting from the principles of Symbolism and the relations which are necessary between words and things in any language, it applies the result of this inquiry to various departments of traditional philosophy, showing in each case how traditional philosophy and traditional solutions arise out of ignorance of the principles of Symbolism and out of misuse of language.  \nThe logical structure of propositions and the nature of logical inference are ✜rst dealt with. Thence we pass suc","cbCainC8v6Th4RBw","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainC8v6Th4RBw","pdf",1291306,1,173,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Language, symbolism, and meaning\n## Logic, sense vs. nonsense\n## Scope: knowledge, physics, ethics, the mystical","[{\"question\":\"What is the central problem Bertrand Russell says Wittgenstein is concerned with?\",\"answer\":\"The introduction states that Wittgenstein investigates the logical conditions a fact (like a sentence) must satisfy to be capable of symbolizing another fact, enabling a sentence to mean something quite definite.\"},{\"question\":\"Which areas of philosophy does the introduction say the book covers?\",\"answer\":\"It says the work moves from the logical structure of propositions to theory of knowledge, principles of physics, ethics, and finally the mystical.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the introduction distinguish different problems about language?\",\"answer\":\"It separates problems into psychology (what occurs in the 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