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Conference on Social and Political Issues (the 1st ICSPI, 2016)“Knowledge and Social Transformation”  \n Volume 2018   \nReceived: 19 March 2018  \nAccepted: 27 July 2018  \nPublished: 29 August 2018  \nPublishing services provided by Knowledge E  \n Anggia Utami Dewi. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use andredistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.  \nSelection and Peer-review under the responsibility of the ICSPI 2016 Conference Committee.  \nConference Paper  \nTowards Knowledge Economy: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and South Korean Internationalization of Higher Education  \nAnggia Utami Dewi  \nUniversitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia  \nAbstract  \nRapid development of information and technology in this globalization era has driven the transition of world economy, from previously labor and market economy to knowledge economy. Nation-states’ global competitiveness is measured partly by the number of highly educated people within its society. By becoming “world-class”, universities are believed to play an important role to boost a country’s competitiveness level. This paper discusses the internationalization of higher education as one of important instruments in achieving the goal to create knowledge-based economy. This study identifies the internationalization initiatives of the Indonesian and South Korean governments from national level, and universities from institutional level. The objective of taking South Korea as comparison to Indonesia is because both countries are middle power and non-English speaking Asian countries, which started their internationalization in early 2000s with the same aspirations: higher education reform towards knowledge economy. The results show that both Indonesia and South Korea have a state-led internationalization, with more advance development and achievement in South Korean case. In the case of Indonesia, Indonesia still faces challenges such as the competitive regional arrangement in ASEAN; the dilemma between quantitative targets and quality assurance of internationalization initiatives such as international publication, patents, and international students; also the challenge to create more detail programs and strategies other than just financial supports from government to widen up the other aspects of internationalization efforts. However, with the internationalization agenda rising in many countries, Indonesia has the opportunity to take a lesson from other countries’ experiences, including from South Korea.  \nKeywords: internationalization, higher education, knowledge economy, Indonesia, South Korea  \nHow to cite this article: Anggia Utami Dewi, (2018), “Towards Knowledge Economy: A Comparative Study of Indonesian and South Korean Internationalization of Higher Education” in International Conference on Social and Political Issues (the 1st ICSPI, 2016) “Knowledge and Social Page 63 Transformation”, KnE Social Sciences, pages 63–83 . DOI 10.18502/kss.v3i10.2905  \n1. Introduction  \nDiscourse on internationalization of higher education is very closely related with globalization. Globalization entails the opening up and coming together of business, trade and economic activities between nations (Maringe and Foskett, 2010: 1). It has resulted in the intensification of people’s connectivity and also development of information and technology. It has also shifted the previously labor and market economy to the knowledge-based economy. This development of knowledge power is one vigorous example of how globalization also derives a powerful transition in higher education (HE) and in the nature of universities [11] .  \nThe changing nature of higher education and universities is shown on how nationstates’ global competitiveness is measured partly by the number of highly educated people within its society. By becoming ","cbCailRjpidJNt8W","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailRjpidJNt8W","pdf",392202,21,"English","# Introduction\n## Globalization and knowledge economy context\n## Internationalization of higher education as a key instrument\n## National strategies and comparative development of Indonesia and South Korea","[{\"question\":\"What economic shift motivates internationalization of higher education?\",\"answer\":\"Globalization and rapid information-technology development have driven economies from labor and market models toward knowledge economies, increasing the value of highly educated societies.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study compare Indonesia and South Korea?\",\"answer\":\"The paper analyzes internationalization initiatives at national (government) and institutional (university) levels, using South Korea as a comparison due to shared middle-power and non-English-speaking Asian contexts and similar early-2000 aspirations.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges does Indonesia face in its internationalization efforts?\",\"answer\":\"Indonesia faces issues including competitive regional arrangements in ASEAN and dilemmas between quantitative targets and quality assurance, such as international publication, patents, and attracting international students, along with the need for more detailed programs beyond financial support.\"}]","Towards Knowledge Economy - A Comparative Study of Indonesian and South Korean Internationalization of Higher Education | PDF",53]