[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-84617-en":3,"doc-seo-84617-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":82},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},84617,1649267921044,"Ava Thompson","https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1800007509477c92dfb?_k=1782875107921204101",8,"Research & Report","Touching and Feeling the Data A Reusable Software Pipeline for Tactile Statistical Graphs in Accessible Education","Statistical visualization supports more than sight: tactile, 3D-printed statistical graphs enable blind and low-vision students to feel distributions, trace trends, and explore relationships via direct haptic interaction. Classroom adoption is constrained by the manual, expertise-heavy CAD process for each graph. A reusable three-layer JavaScript pipeline automatically derives tactile design parameters, builds modular scatter/bar/histogram/line/box geometries, and optionally uses an LLM for structured extraction from uploaded chart images, with mandatory teacher review before printing. It outputs print-ready STL binaries in under 250 ms, presenting design, performance, and limitations.","Touching and Feeling the Data: A Reusable Software Pipeline for Tactile Statistical Graphs in Accessible  \nEducation  \nLawrence Obiuwevwi, Krzysztof J. Rechowicz, Jessica M. Johnson, Erika Frydenlund, Vikas Ashok, Sachin Shetty, & Sampath Jayarathna  \nOld Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA  \n[lobiu001@odu.edu](lobiu001@odu.edu), [krechowi@odu.edu](krechowi@odu.edu), [j17johnso@odu.edu](j17johnso@odu.edu), [efrydenl@odu.edu](efrydenl@odu.edu),  \n[vganjiqu@cs.odu.edu](vganjiqu@cs.odu.edu), [sshetty@odu.edu](sshetty@odu.edu), [sampath@cs.odu.edu](sampath@cs.odu.edu)  \narXiv :2607 .0 12 14v 1 [ cs .HC] 1 Jul 2026  \nAbstract—Statistical visualization is usually treated as a visual medium, but data can also be touched. Three dimensional printed tactile graphs let blind and low vision students feel distributions, trace trends, and explore relationships through direct haptic interaction. Yet classroom scale use remains limited because producing each graph in CAD software requires specialized skill and hours of manual work. We address this bottleneck as a software problem through a three layer reusable pipeline in about 1500 lines of JavaScript. The first layer derives tactile design parameters automatically from plate dimensions using tactile perception research. The second provides shared chart scaffolding and five modular builders for scatter, bar, histogram, line, and box plots. The optional third layer uses a multi-modal large language model to extract structured chart specifications from uploaded images, with mandatory teacher review before print generation. The pipeline produces print ready binary Standard Tessellation Language files in under 250 milliseconds. We present the design, performance, and limitations.  \nIndex Terms—tactile graphics, 3D printing, accessible education, haptic data exploration, software reuse, LLM-assisted extraction, visually impaired education.  \nI. INTRODUCTION  \nFor sighted students, a histogram or scatter plot communicates shape, trend, and outliers almost immediately. For blind or low-vision students [1], [2], the same chart often becomes a verbal description delivered by a screen reader [3]–[5], shifting graphical information into sequential prose and removing the spatial and relational properties that make charts effective [6]–[9] . Tactile graphics address this gap by turning charts into raised physical forms that can be explored through touch [10] . FDM-printed charts encode axes, data features, and Braille at distinct heights, creating a richer tactile hierarchy than embossed paper [11], and consumer FDM printers now cost effective abd affordable.  \nDespite this, we are aware of no systematic classroom deployment of per-lesson 3D-printed statistical graphs. In our engagement with one statistics course (institution withheld for review), the limiting factor was not printer access but software: manually modeling each chart in Autodesk Fusion 360 required about two hours per graph. Existing commercial tools such as TactileView and ViewPlus IVEO target swell-paper rather than  \nFig. 1. Students use reusable 3D-printed tactile plates to explore braille and tactile graphics in an inclusive setting.  \n3D printing and expose no reusable parameter logic [12], [13] . Research systems are typically one-off artifacts [14], [15] .  \nWe present a three-layer reusable pipeline that produces a print-ready binary STL in under one second from plate dimensions, chart type, and numeric data. Contributions are: (i) a parameter derivation layer grounded in tactile perception research [10], [16]; (ii) a modular geometry layer with five chart builders sharing a common scaffolding; and (iii) an optional vision-assisted extraction layer converting chart images into editable specifications via a multimodal LLM. To our knowledge this is the first open-source pipeline that automatically generates 3D-printed tactile statistical graphs from either typed data or chart images, combining researchgrounded parameter derivation","cbCaigj8PmupL4re","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigj8PmupL4re","pdf",3600056,1,4,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n# Related Work\n## Tactile graphics and 3D-printed accessibility\n## Chart understanding and accessible visualization","[{\"question\":\"What chart types are supported and how are they built?\",\"answer\":\"The pipeline includes modular geometry builders for five chart types—scatter, bar, histogram, line, and box plots—sharing common scaffolding to reduce repeated design effort.\"}]",1784197160,10,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":77,"head_meta":79,"extra_data":81,"updated_unix":27},"touching-and-feeling-the-data-a-reusable-software-pipeline-for-tactile-statistical-graphs-in-accessible-education","",{"@graph":35,"@context":76},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/touching-and-feeling-the-data-a-reusable-software-pipeline-for-tactile-statistical-graphs-in-accessible-education/84617/",{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-17","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What chart types are supported and how are they built?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The pipeline includes modular geometry builders for five chart types—scatter, bar, histogram, line, and box plots—sharing common scaffolding to reduce repeated design effort.","Answer","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":78,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":80,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":83},[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,114,119,122,125],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":28,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":28,"slug":124},"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":127,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":128},19,"General","general"]