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The metformin side improved comedones, papules, and nodules but not pustules; symptoms increased one month after stopping, while comedones and papules remained lower versus placebo. No side effects were reported.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/topical-metformin-30-gel-in-the-treatment-of-acne-vulgaris-in-women-a-split-face-placebo-controlled-study/542177/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/topical-metformin-30-gel-in-the-treatment-of-acne-vulgaris-in-women-a-split-face-placebo-controlled-study/542177.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"jay","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-10-10",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What was the aim of this study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical metformin 30% gel for treating acne vulgaris in women using a split-face, placebo-controlled design.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were patients treated and assessed?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Twenty-seven female patients blindly applied metformin and placebo gels to either side of the face for 12 weeks. Acne lesion counts were recorded at baseline, at each visit, and 4 weeks after stopping treatment.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which acne lesions improved with topical metformin, and what happened after stopping?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"At the end of treatment, the metformin side significantly improved comedones, papules, and nodules but not pustules. Lesion counts increased one month after stopping, yet comedones and papules remained significantly lower than placebo.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},542177,1791731591,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":106,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747858866,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Received: 4 December 2022  \nRevised: 7 June 2023  \nAccepted: 14 June 2023  \nDOI: 10. 1111/exd.14868  \nR E S E A R C H A RT I C L E  \nTopical metformin 30% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris in women, a split face, placebo-controlled study  \nMohamed H. M. EL-Komy1 | Nesma Moustafa Kamel Abdo2 | Rehab Nabil Shamma3 | Nermeen Ibrahim Bedair4   \n1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt 2Department of Dermatology, National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Institute, Cairo, Egypt  \n3 Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt 4Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt  \nCorrespondence  \nNermeen Ibrahim Bedair, Department of Dermatology, Andrology, Sexual Medicine and STDs, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.  \nEmail: [nermeen.bedair@med.helwan.edu.eg](nermeen.bedair@med.helwan.edu.eg)  \nAbstract  \nAcne vulgaris (AV), a widely common disorder, that negatively affects the quality of life. Metformin is a relatively safe, cheap and well tolerated drug that is widely used in the treatment of Diabetes. Systemic metformin has demonstrated promising results in treating acne, while topically it was studied for melasma and recalcitrant central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia. To study the safety and efficacy of topical metformin 30% in the treatment of AV. Twenty-seven female AV patients were asked to blindly apply metformin and placebo gels to either side of the face for 12 weeks. AV lesion count was performed at baseline, at each visit and 4 weeks after end of treatment. Atthe end of the treatment period, the treated side showed significant improvement ofcomedones, papules and nodules but not pustules. Although, lesions count increased 1 month after stopping treatment, comedones and papules numbers were still significantly less on the metformin side compared to placebo. No side effects were reported. The limited number of patients studied and the limited follow-up period. The metformin effect was not studied on cellular and molecular levels. Topical metformin nanoemulsion gel can be a promising safe and effective treatment of AV.  \nK E Y WO R D S  \nacne, comedones, inflammatory acne, metformin  \n1 | BACKGROUND  \nAcne is a widely common disorder of the pilosebaceous unit that largely affects adolescents and increasingly affects adults with sometimes intractable effect on the patient's quality of life.1  \nOne of the recent suggested hypotheses for acne pathogenesis is that it comprises a cutaneous metabolic syndrome and is largely affected by western diet through hyperactivation of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 mTORC1 and forkhead box transcription factor  \nO1 . 2,3 Moreover, accumulating evidence suggests that the skin microbiome as well as gut microbiome alterations may play a role in acne pathogenesis.4–8  \nMetformin is a biguanide and considered one of the most prescribed antidiabetic medications worldwide, known to be convenient for being well tolerated, relatively safe and of low cost. However, the molecular targets of metformin and its exact mechanism of action are still to be elucidated. It induces phosphorylation of Thr172 thus activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), causing inhibition of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1  \nAbbreviations: AV, acne vulgaris; HDACs, histone deacetylases; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; mTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1; NAD+, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; SCFA, short chain fatty acids; Sirt1, Sirtuin1 .  \n© 2023 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.  \n(mTORC1) signalling pathway.9,10 Metformin also regulates the expression of Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), a member of the class III (NAD+— dependent) histone deacetylases (HDACs) .10 Other interesting effects of metformin are that it shifts comp","cbCaiqkRFrP397mv","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqkRFrP397mv","pdf",3457473,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n# Patients and Methods\n## Recruitment of participants","[{\"question\":\"What was the aim of this study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical metformin 30% gel for treating acne vulgaris in women using a split-face, placebo-controlled design.\"},{\"question\":\"How were patients treated and assessed?\",\"answer\":\"Twenty-seven female patients blindly applied metformin and placebo gels to either side of the face for 12 weeks. Acne lesion counts were recorded at baseline, at each visit, and 4 weeks after stopping treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"Which acne lesions improved with topical metformin, and what happened after stopping?\",\"answer\":\"At the end of treatment, the metformin side significantly improved comedones, papules, and nodules but not pustules. Lesion counts increased one month after stopping, yet comedones and papules remained significantly lower than placebo.\"}]","Topical metformin 30% gel in the treatment of acne vulgaris in women, a split face, placebo-controlled study | PDF",1791672347,28]