[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-496656-105":59,"doc-detail-496656-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","topic-17-electricity-updated-safety-guidance","Topic 17 - Electricity - Updated safety guidance","","Safety topic on electricity risks, focusing on electrical hazards including electric shock (electrocution), electrical burns, and fires. Explains how shock effects depend on current magnitude and path through the body, highlights that breathing and heart arrest may occur in serious accidents, and sets first-aid imperatives such as switching off supply before assisting. Covers factors affecting dangerous current/voltage, outlines general risk controls like low voltages, insulation, earthing, barriers, correctly sized conductors, and over-current protection, and discusses overheating and fire mechanisms.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/topic-17-electricity-updated-safety-guidance/496656/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/topic-17-electricity-updated-safety-guidance/496656.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Himbo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-10-02",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the main electrical hazards covered in Topic 17?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The topic highlights injury or death from electric shock (electrocution), burns caused by currents through body tissues, and fires from overloaded cables or devices.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why is first aid dependent on switching off the electrical supply?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Before first aid, the electrical supply must be switched off or the person moved away from power conductors using an insulated device, otherwise the first-aider could be electrocuted.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do overheating and fires occur according to this section?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Overloaded or faulty equipment can produce excessive heat and excessive current, while obstructed vents can allow equipment to overheat and catch fire even without fuse or circuit breaker interruption.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},496656,1791327681,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},687197100911,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697","Topics in Safety  \nASE Health & Safety Group  \nTopic 17: ELECTRICITY  \nThis Topic (dated April 2017) is an updated version of Topic 17, which appeared in the 3rd edition of Topics in Safety (ASE, 2001) . Some parts need updating, particularly the section on batteries, and on portable appliance tests where the Health and Safety Executive has moved to a more proportionate risk-based approach.  \n17.1 Electrical hazards  \nThe principal electrical hazards are injury or death by electric shock (electrocution1) , burns from currents flowing through body tissues, fires from overloaded cables or devices , and burns from hot components and conductors. The risks from electric shock are reduced by using low voltages where practicable, insulation of the electrical conductors, an earthed conducting cover, and physical barriers to keep people away from the conductors. The risks from electric shock, electrical burns and fires are reduced by using suitably-sized conductors, and current-overload devices-normally fuses and circuit breakers.  \n17.1.1 Electrocution and electrical burns  \nAn electric current flowing through a human body interferes with the electrochemical mechanisms of the nervous system and produces the effects known as electric shock. A large current, in addition, causes serious burns. If the current is high enough, it can cause heart fibrillation leading to cardiac arrest. The effect of a current passing through the body depends upon many factors, including the person's age and health, so there is not a precise safe current level. For adults in good health, currents through the body below 5 mA at 50 Hz are regarded as unlikely to cause direct injury. At higher currents, one that flows, say, from one finger to another on the same hand is unlikely to prove fatal, although a serious burn could result. A current which flows through the brain, or which interferes with the heart or breathing, may easily be fatal. In any accident where a current passes from one hand to the other or via the trunk to a foot, it is likely that breathing and the heart could be arrested and first aid will be required while an ambulance is called. Note that before first aid is applied, it is imperative that the electrical supply is switched off, or the electrocuted person is moved well away from the power conductors using an insulated device, otherwise the first-aider could be electrocuted too2.  \nThe skin of adults provides a layer of insulation which is effective when hard and dry. The soft skin of a child, especially when wet, provides a much lower resistance. If the skin is cut and in contact with a conducting liquid (such as salt water), the resistance becomes low and dangerous currents can flow at quite low voltages. Because of the variation of electrical resistance among persons (and for the same person under different conditions), it is difficult to define a dangerous voltage. While lower voltages can be dangerous in exceptional circumstances, only supplies greater than 40 V dc (or 28 V ac rms) are normally regarded as sufficiently dangerous in schools to warrant protection3.  \n1  \n2  \n3  \nElectrocution originally meant execution by an electric shock, but its meaning has changed over time and is now also defined as injury or death (accidental or otherwise) caused by an electric shock.  \nHSE has produced a poster-Electric shock: First aid procedures. (ISBN: 9780717664337; 2011) This poster gives basic advice on first-aid procedures if someone has been electrocuted, but it is not a substitute for first-aid training.  \nThe definition of 'hazardous live' used in British (and other) Standards is much more complicated than this, allowing for the differing effects of ac , dc and capacitive sources. While a physicist should have no difficulty with such detail, other science teachers could find it confusing and the simpler approach adopted here is likely to be accessible to all.  \n1  \n© Association for Science Education 2017 Association for Science Education,","cbCaifHgYmQwFOOJ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifHgYmQwFOOJ","pdf",232427,13,"English","# 17.1 Electrical hazards\n## 17.1.1 Electrocution and electrical burns\n## 17.1.2 Overheating, fires\n# 17.2 Batteries","[{\"question\":\"What are the main electrical hazards covered in Topic 17?\",\"answer\":\"The topic highlights injury or death from electric shock (electrocution), burns caused by currents through body tissues, and fires from overloaded cables or devices.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is first aid dependent on switching off the electrical supply?\",\"answer\":\"Before first aid, the electrical supply must be switched off or the person moved away from power conductors using an insulated device, otherwise the first-aider could be electrocuted.\"},{\"question\":\"How do overheating and fires occur according to this section?\",\"answer\":\"Overloaded or faulty equipment can produce excessive heat and excessive current, while obstructed vents can allow equipment to overheat and catch fire even without fuse or circuit breaker interruption.\"}]","Topic 17 - Electricity - Updated safety guidance | PDF",1790937647,33]