[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-449995-105":59,"doc-detail-449995-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","toothbone-attachment-tissue-is-produced-by-cells-with-a-mixture-of-odontoblastic-and-osteoblastic-features-in-reptiles","Tooth–bone attachment tissue is produced by cells with a mixture of odontoblastic and osteoblastic features in reptiles","","Teeth are anchored in the jaw in a highly variable manner across vertebrates. Mammals and crocodiles use bony sockets cushioned by periodontal ligaments, while most squamate reptiles display firm attachment to the jawbone. In the veiled chameleon, developmental analysis reveals ankylosis established by attachment tissue produced by distinct cells with both osteoblastic and odontoblastic features. RUNX2-positive cells can differentiate toward hard-tissue production, yet tooth–bone interface cells resemble odontoblasts via elevated Na+/K+-ATPase. TBI cells appear transiently and are cleared by apoptosis and phagocytosis after fusion. Hard matrix deposition continues on both sides through osteoblast participation.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/toothbone-attachment-tissue-is-produced-by-cells-with-a-mixture-of-odontoblastic-and-osteoblastic-features-in-reptiles/449995/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/toothbone-attachment-tissue-is-produced-by-cells-with-a-mixture-of-odontoblastic-and-osteoblastic-features-in-reptiles/449995.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"moss~","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What tissue forms the tooth–bone attachment in veiled chameleons?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Tooth-bearing bones form pedicles whose edges fuse to dentine through an attachment tissue produced by morphologically distinct cells with both osteoblastic and odontoblastic features.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How do tooth–bone interface (TBI) cells differ from osteoblasts in the pedicles?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Although TBI cells show odontoblast-like behavior, they express elevated levels of Na+/K+-ATPase, distinguishing them from osteoblasts of the bony pedicles.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Are TBI cells permanent after tooth–bone fusion?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"No. TBI cells are visible only temporarily and are removed after fusion by apoptosis and phagocytosis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},449995,1791859936,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090895452,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","DOI: 10. 1111/joa.70059  \nOR I G I NAL ART I C L E  \nTooth–bone attachment tissue is produced by cells with a mixture of odontoblastic and osteoblastic features in reptiles  \nM. Šulcová1,2 | J. Dumková3 | B. Hutečková1,2 | M. Kavková4 | V. Parobková4 |  \nO. Zahradníček5 | J. Křivánek3 | I. Adameyko6,7 | J. Kaiser4 | T. Zikmund4 |  \nA. S. Tucker8  | M. Buchtová1,2  \n1Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic  \n2Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v. i. , Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic 3 Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic  \n4Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic  \n5Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic 6Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria 7Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden  \n8Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Floor 27 Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK  \nCorrespondence  \nM. Buchtová, Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, v.v. i. , Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic.  \nEmail: [buchtova@iach.cz](buchtova@iach.cz)  \nFunding information  \nGrantová Agentura České Republiky, Grant/Award Number: 22-02794S; Ministerstvo Zdravotnictví Ceské Republiky, Grant/Award Number: NW24- 10-00204; Ministerstvo Školství, Mládežea Tělovýchovy, Grant/Award Number: CZ.02.01.01/00/22 _ 008/0004593, CZ.02.1.01/0 .0/0 .0/15 _ 003/0000460,  \nCZ.02.1.01/0 .0/0 .0/16 _ 019/0000728 and LM2023050  \nAbstract  \nTeeth are anchored in the jaw in a highly variable manner across vertebrates. In mammals and crocodiles, the teeth are cushioned inside bony sockets by periodontal ligaments, whereas most squamate reptiles have teeth firmly attached to the jawbone. Here, we analyzed the development of the attachment tissue in the veiled chameleon, a species with firm acrodont tooth attachment, to reveal the cellular processes establishing ankylosis and to determine the cell types contributing to the attachment. The tooth-bearing bones formed pedicles with edges fusing to the dentine via an attachment tissue produced by morphologically distinct cells exhibiting both osteoblastic andodontoblastic features. These cells were RUNX2-positive, suggesting their potential to differentiate into hard-tissue-producing cells. However, in contrast to the osteoblasts of the bony pedicles, tooth–bone interface (TBI) cells expressed elevated levels of Na+-/K+-ATPase and thus resembled odontoblasts. TBI cells were visible only temporarily, and after tooth–bone fusion they were removed by apoptosis and phagocytosis. Dynamic deposition of the hard matrix continued on both sides of the TBI and during the posthatching stages through the participation of osteoblasts. Overall, our findings demonstrate both odontoblast-and osteoblast-like characteristics of cells producing the attachment tissue at the TBI during development in chameleons, highlighting the existence of a transient intermediate cell population, which we call ankyloblasts.  \nK E Y WO R D S  \nacrodont dentition, Calbindin1, odontoblasts, osteoblasts, reptiles, Runx2, teeth  \nThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.  \n© 2025 The Author(s) . Journal of Anatomy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Anatomical Society.  \n1 | INTRODUCTION  \nSeveral types of tooth–bone attachment have evolved in different branches of amniotes. The most studied type of tooth anchorage is t","cbCaiuCenyoZfRtF","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuCenyoZfRtF","pdf",12539691,18,"English","# Introduction\n## Tooth–bone attachment types across amniotes\n## Acrodont attachment and ankylosis\n## Developmental mechanisms proposed for ankylosis","[{\"question\":\"What tissue forms the tooth–bone attachment in veiled chameleons?\",\"answer\":\"Tooth-bearing bones form pedicles whose edges fuse to dentine through an attachment tissue produced by morphologically distinct cells with both osteoblastic and odontoblastic features.\"},{\"question\":\"How do tooth–bone interface (TBI) cells differ from osteoblasts in the pedicles?\",\"answer\":\"Although TBI cells show odontoblast-like behavior, they express elevated levels of Na+/K+-ATPase, distinguishing them from osteoblasts of the bony pedicles.\"},{\"question\":\"Are TBI cells permanent after tooth–bone fusion?\",\"answer\":\"No. TBI cells are visible only temporarily and are removed after fusion by apoptosis and phagocytosis.\"}]","Tooth–bone attachment tissue is produced by cells with a mixture of odontoblastic and osteoblastic features in reptiles | PDF",1790731741,45]