[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-542193-105":59,"doc-detail-542193-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","timeline-of-classical-criticism-unit-8-literary-criticism","Timeline of Classical Criticism - Unit 8 - Literary Criticism","","Timeline of Classical Criticism traces major milestones in ancient literary thought, moving from Plato’s theory of mimesis and Forms to his moral objections to poetry and key dialogues like Republic and Symposium. It then presents Aristotle’s defense of poetry in Poetics, his account of imitation’s kinds and modes, and his definition of tragedy. The guide concludes with tragedy’s structural parts, plot principles, and concepts such as hamartia and catharsis.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":15,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/timeline-of-classical-criticism-unit-8-literary-criticism/542193/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/timeline-of-classical-criticism-unit-8-literary-criticism/542193.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"WPS_1790064749","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-10",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does Plato explain art as imitation in relation to truth?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Plato argues art imitates appearances that already copy the material world, which in turn copies the Idea (the eternal Form). As a result, art is “thrice removed” from ultimate truth.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why does Plato ban imitative poets from his ideal state?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Plato claims poetry nourishes irrational, emotional passions rather than reason. This weakens moral, rational, and civic education, so imitative poets are banished in Republic.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What is Aristotle’s definition of tragedy and how does it work?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Aristotle defines tragedy as an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude. It works through pity and fear, producing the proper purgation (catharsis) of these emotions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},542193,1791884683,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":14,"category_name":15,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747859154,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","# Timeline of Classical Criticism\n\n01 c.399-360 BCE:Plato writes his Socratic  \nDialogues -lon,Crito,Phaedo,Symposium andRepublic.  \n02 c.335 BCE:Aristotle composes Poetics(PeriPoietikes),the earliest surviving work ofdramatic and literary theory.  \n03 c.19-10 BCE:Horace composes Ars Poetica(Epistle to the Pisos)in the Augustan Age ofRome.  \n041st century CE:Longinus composes On theSublime(Peri Hypsous).  \n051498:Giorgio Valla publishes the first printedLatin translation of Aristotle's Poetics in Venice.  \n## Plato -Mimesis Thrice Removed\n\n01 For Plato,art is an imitation of an imitation.  \n02 First comes the Idea(the eternal Form),which isthe ultimate truth.  \n03 Second comes the material world,which copiesthe Idea.  \n04 Third comes the artist's work,which copies thematerial world.  \n05 Plato's example:God makes the Idea of a bed,the carpenter makes a bed,and the painterpaints a picture of that bed.  \n06 So the artist imitates appearances,not truth -art is \"thrice removed\"from the truth.  \n## Plato -Moral Case Against Poetry\n\n01 Poetry feeds and waters the passions  \ninstead of drying them up.  \n02 It appeals to the irrational,emotional partof the soul,not to reason.  \n03 It therefore weakens moral,rational and  \ncivic education.  \n04 In Republic(Books ll and X),Plato  \nbanishes imitative poets,including Homer,  \nfrom his ideal state.  \n05 Only hymns to the gods and praises of  \nfamous men are allowed.  \n## Plato's Key Dialogues\n\n01 Republic:the ideal state,the theory of Formsand the banishment of poets.  \n02 lon:poetry is divine madness or inspiration,notrational art or technical skill.  \n03 Crito:justice,civic virtue and the duty to obeythe laws even under an unjust death sentence.  \n04 Phaedo:the last hours of Socrates;theimmortality of the soul and the eternal Forms.  \n05 Symposium:the nature,origin and philosophicalascent of love(Eros).  \n## Aristotle -Defence of Poetry\n\n01 Aristotle,Plato's pupil,answers Plato'sattack in Poetics.  \n02 Imitation is a natural human instinct,andwe learn our earliest lessons through it.  \n03 Poetry is more philosophical and of graverimport than history.  \n04 Poetry speaks of the universal;historyrecords the particular.  \n05 Aristotle also wrote Metaphysics,the  \nstudy of being -it is not a work of Plato.  \n## Aristotle -Kinds and Modes ofImitation\n\n01 Kinds of poetry discussed in Poetics:epic,tragedy,comedy,dithyramb,and flute and lyre music.  \n02 All are forms of imitation,differing in three ways:medium,objects and manner.  \n03 Medium:rhythm,language and harmony(melody).  \n04 Objects:men better than in real life(tragedy,epic),worse(comedy),or as they are.  \n05 Manner:narration in the poet's own voice,narrationtaking on other characters'voices as Homer does,ordirect dramatic action.  \n06 Aristotle's mimesis means imitation of purposefulhuman action and life,not mere mimicry of surfacesor sounds.  \n6  \n## Aristotle's Definition of Tragedy\n\n01 \"Tragedy is an imitation of an action that isserious,complete,and of a certain magnitude.\"  \n02 It is in the form of action,not of narrative.  \n03 It works through pity and fear,effecting theproper purgation of these emotions.  \n04 Serious:the action has moral weight.  \n05 Complete:it has a beginning,a middle and anend.  \n06 Magnitude:it is of proper length,neither tooshort nor too long.  \n## Six Parts of Tragedy(in order ofimportance)\n\n01 Plot(Mythos):the arrangement of incidents -the first principle and soul of tragedy.  \n02 Character(Ethos):reveals moral purpose -whata person chooses or avoids.  \n03 Thought(Dianoia):the reasoning and argumentsthe characters express.  \n04 Diction(Lexis):the expression of meaning inwords.  \n05 Song or Melody(Melos):the chiefembellishment of tragedy.  \n06 Spectacle(Opsis):the visual staging -the leastartistic part.  \n## Plot -Unity,Probability and Necessity\n\n01 The plot must be a complete whole with a  \nbeginning,a middle and an end.  \n02 Unity of plot does not come from havingone hero;it comes from one completeaction. ","cbCaibBsiMSMdTgy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibBsiMSMdTgy","pdf",31791094,143,"English","# Timeline of Classical Criticism\n## Plato - Mimesis Thrice Removed\n## Plato - Moral Case Against Poetry\n## Plato's Key Dialogues\n## Aristotle - Defence of Poetry\n## Aristotle - Kinds and Modes of Imitation\n## Aristotle's Definition of Tragedy\n## Six Parts of Tragedy (in order of importance)\n## Plot - Unity, Probability and Necessity\n## Tragic Hero, Hamartia and Catharsis","[{\"question\":\"How does Plato explain art as imitation in relation to truth?\",\"answer\":\"Plato argues art imitates appearances that already copy the material world, which in turn copies the Idea (the eternal Form). As a result, art is “thrice removed” from ultimate truth.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does Plato ban imitative poets from his ideal state?\",\"answer\":\"Plato claims poetry nourishes irrational, emotional passions rather than reason. This weakens moral, rational, and civic education, so imitative poets are banished in Republic.\"},{\"question\":\"What is Aristotle’s definition of tragedy and how does it work?\",\"answer\":\"Aristotle defines tragedy as an imitation of an action that is serious, complete, and of a certain magnitude. It works through pity and fear, producing the proper purgation (catharsis) of these emotions.\"}]","Timeline of Classical Criticism - Unit 8 - Literary Criticism | PDF",1791672546,220]