[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-43131-en":3,"doc-seo-43131-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},43131,8796095461564,"Liam","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","Three Eras of Indonesian Arts Diplomacy","Three Eras of Indonesian Arts Diplomacy examines how Indonesian governments used the arts as a tool of international representation and cultural exchange across distinct political periods. Under Sukarno, cultural missions and curated performances abroad projected a positive national image. During the New Order, new arts-diplomacy modes expanded through foreign arts scholarships, embassy artist residencies, major exchange-oriented festivals, and investment-focused cultural events. Today, arts diplomacy is institutionalized within the Ministry of Education and Culture via collaborations, international platforms, and recruitment of “Indonesianists.”","Three Eras of Indonesian Arts DiplomacyAuthor(s): Matthew Isaac Cohen  \nSource: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde , Vol. 175, No. 2/3, Special Section: Indonesia and Its Others: Inclusion, Exclusion and Inter-Cultural Engagements (2019), pp. 253-283  \nPublished by: Brill  \nStable URL: [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26699640](https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/26699640)  \nJSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [support@jstor.org](support@jstor.org).  \nYour use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at [https://about.jstor.org/terms](https://about.jstor.org/terms)  \nBrill is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde  \nThis content downloaded from  \n[152.118.150.186](152.118.150.186) on Wed, 23 Oct 2019 07:57:23 UTC  \nAll use subject to [https://about.jstor.org/terms](https://about.jstor.org/terms)  \nBijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 175 (2019) 253–283  \n[brill.com/bki](brill.com/bki)  \nThree Eras of Indonesian Arts Diplomacy  \nMatthew Isaac Cohen  \nUniversity of London  \n[matthew.cohen@rhul.ac.uk](matthew.cohen@rhul.ac.uk)  \nAbstract  \nSukarno took a personal interest in using the arts for presenting Indonesia in a positive light. He oversaw cultural missions abroad and produced ‘cultural events’ that showed off his grace and charisma on the dance floor to overseas guests. While Soeharto showed little interest in the arts, new modes of arts diplomacy flourished during the New Order—scholarships for foreigners to study arts, artists in residence at Indonesian embassies, large-scale festivals aiming to facilitate artistic exchange and encourage foreign investments, to name but a few. In Indonesia today, arts diplomacy is represented by its own sub-directorate in the Ministry of Education and Culture. Indonesia is promoting itself through collaborations between Indonesian governmental agencies and professional, international producing bodies, galleries, and festivals. Cultural Houses are being built in key cities abroad, along with a nationwide platform for international festivals, Indonesiana.‘Indonesianists’, including foreign academics and students of the arts, are being recruited to promote Indonesia abroad.  \nKeywords  \narts diplomacy – cultural diplomacy – soft power – Indonesia – Mochtar Kusumaatmadja – Sukarno  \n1 Three Eras of Indonesian Arts Diplomacy  \nArts diplomacy is arguably one of the oldest forms of diplomacy and international relations. Anthropologist and historian Johannes Fabian (1999) pondershow time and again in ‘first contact’ scenarios hosts and guests feel compelled to present dances, songs, and other arts to communicate something essen-© matthew isaac cohen, 2019 | doi:10.1163/22134379-17502022  \nThis is an open access article distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC license at the time of publication.  \nThis content downloaded from  \n[152.118.150.186](152.118.150.186) on Wed, 23 Oct 2019 07:57:23 UTC  \nAll use subject to [https://about.jstor.org/terms](https://about.jstor.org/terms)  \n254 cohen  \ntial about their respective societies. Theatre historian Christopher Balme further details episodes when European sailors played trumpets and danced in response to the dances and conch-shell welcomes or warnings given to the visitors to Pacific islands as the first stage of exchange, culminating with ‘the mimesis of the other, as both Polynesians and Europeans adopt each others’clothes and performance’ (Balme 2007:20). This trajectory—from spectacular displays that hail the other while locating the self, to mimesis, hybridity, and exchange—is traced time and again in histori","cbCaioGr89ENiD5f","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioGr89ENiD5f","pdf",3061454,5,1,32,"English","en",105,"# Three Eras of Indonesian Arts Diplomacy\n## Arts diplomacy as a long-standing practice\n## Asian precedents before formal terminology","[{\"question\":\"How did Sukarno use the arts for international diplomacy?\",\"answer\":\"Sukarno personally supported cultural missions abroad and oversaw “cultural events” designed to present Indonesia positively to overseas audiences through performances and public cultural display.\"},{\"question\":\"What arts-diplomacy initiatives expanded during Indonesia’s New Order period?\",\"answer\":\"The New Order saw growth in scholarships for foreigners to study the arts, artist residencies at Indonesian embassies, and large-scale festivals intended to enable artistic exchange and encourage foreign investment.\"},{\"question\":\"How is arts diplomacy organized in Indonesia today?\",\"answer\":\"Today, arts diplomacy is represented by a dedicated sub-directorate in the Ministry of Education and Culture, using collaborations with international producing bodies, galleries, and festivals, and supporting platforms such as Indonesiana plus cultural venues 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