[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-320279-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-320279-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","thomas-hardy-a-biography","Thomas Hardy - A Biography","","A scholarly study tracing Thomas Hardy’s development across a defined “career” framework, moving from early apprenticeship through phases of achievement, recession, renewal, and fulfillment. The contents map key works and thematic lines, with extensive textual notes that cite Hardy’s novels and poems and explain quotation sources. Editorial material, including a preface to a 1994 reissue, frames Hardy’s relationship to biographical and bibliographical evidence and discusses how critical arguments are grounded in manuscript and publishing contexts.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/","Literature",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/thomas-hardy-a-biography/320279/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/thomas-hardy-a-biography/320279.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Genevieve","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-21","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How is Hardy’s career structured in the book?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It is organized into phases: Apprenticeship, Achievement, Recession, Renewal, and Fulfilment, each covering major aspects of Hardy’s life and writing.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What kinds of sources are used for quotations and page references?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Quotations and references rely on the 24-volume Macmillan Wessex Edition (London, 1912–31), along with bibliographical descriptions and other Hardy-related volumes cited in the textual note.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What does the 1994 reissue preface focus on?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"It explains the author’s critical-program goals, emphasizing biographical and bibliographical knowledge, manuscript familiarity, and the publishing contexts Hardy encountered, while revisiting earlier critical evaluations.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},320279,1790033800,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,91,95,100,105,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":26,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},1374391974585,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","The Achievement of William FaulknerThe Collected Letters of Thomas Hardy(co-editor)The Life and Work of Thomas Hardy(editor)Thomas Hardy:A BiographyTestamentary Acts:Browning,Tennyson,James,Hardy  \n0476807  \nTHOMAS HARDY  \nMICHAEL MILLGATE  \nCONTENTS  \nPRELUDE  \nThe Poor Man and the Lady,I7  \nPART ONE:APPRENTICESHIP  \n1.Desperate Remedies,29  \n2.“Ce Saxon autodidacte”:A matterof Education,36  \n3.Under the Greenmood Tree,42  \n4.Bockhampton and St Juliot:The Exploitation of Autobiography,55  \n5.A Pair of Blue Eyes,66  \nPART TWO:ACHIEVEMENT  \nI.Far from the Madding Crowd,79  \n2.Puddletown into Weatherbury:The Genesis of Wessex,95  \n3.The Hand of Ethelberta,IO5  \n4.On Native Grounds:Kegan Paul and William Barnes,II7  \n5.The Return of the Native,I30PART THREE:RECESSION  \nI.The Trumpet-Major,I47  \n2.The Uses of a Regional Past,157  \n3.A Laodicean,I65  \nCONTENTS  \n4.Hardy's Laodiceanism:Politics andIdeas,I74  \n5.Two on a Tower,I83  \nPART FOUR:RENWAL  \nI.Max Gate,I97  \n2.“The Dorsetshire Labourer”,206  \n3.The Mayor of Casterbridge,22I  \n4.The Evolution of Wessex,235  \n5.The Woodlanders,249  \nPART FIVE:FULFILMENT  \nI.Tess of the dUrbervilles,263  \n2.Candour in English Fiction,28r  \n3.The Well-Beloved,293  \n4.Hardy and the Theatre,308  \n5.Jude the Obscure,317  \nAFTERWORD  \nThe End of Prose,339  \nNOTES,363  \nINDEX,4I9  \nACKNOWLEDGMENTS  \nQuotations from published works of ThomasHardy are made with the permission of Macmillan&Co.Ltd.Quotations from Florence EnilyHardy's The Early Life of Thomas Hardy and TheLater Years of Thomas Hardy are made with thepermission of Macmillan &Co.Ltd.and of ArchonBooks,Hamden,Connecticut.  \nTEXTUAL NOTE  \nUnless otherwise indicated,the 24-volume Mac-millan Wessex Edition(London,I9I2-3I)has beenused throughout as the source of quotations fromHardy's novels and poems and as the basis for pagereferences,whether in the notes or incorporatedwithin parentheses in the text.The Wessex Editionis described in R.L.Purdy,Thomas Hardy:ABibliographical Study (London,I954,I968),PP282-286.  \nAlso incorporated within parentheses in the text arepage references to The Early Life of Thomas Hardy(London:Macmillan,I928)and The Later Years ofThoms Hardy (London:Macmillan,I930),attri-buted to Hardy's second wife,Florence EmilyHardy,on their title-pages but known to have beenlargely the work of Hardy himself:see R.L.Purdy,Thomas Hardy:A Bibliographical Study,pp.265-267,272-273  \nPREFACE TO THE 1994 REISSUE  \nWhen I first started thinking about this book,some time in1966,I had for several years been working-biographicallyand textually as well as critically -on the American novelistWilliam Faulkner.Eccentric though such a transatlanticswitch may have seemed to many of my academic colleagues,especially as following hard upon a personal removal in theopposite direction,the particular transition from Faulkner toHardy was for me natural enough.It wasn't just that I hadalways been ‘interested'in Hardy,that Douglas Brown hadbeen one of my Cambridge supervisors,nor even that dis-tance from England was lending enchantment to the view.Itwas rather that I saw both Faulkner and Hardy as regionaland,in the broadest sense,pastoral novelists who addressedto contemporary urban audiences fictions densely recupera-tive of a local and predominantly rural past that was at oncerecent and lost beyond recall.I saw them,too,as map-mak-ers,creators of fictional worlds extending over a series ofotherwise independent texts,and there were even teasingbiographical similarities -including shortness of stature,unhappiness in marriage,a considerable degree of self-educa-tion,and an extreme devotion to personal privacy.  \nI had no intention of dwelling upon these later details -Iwas not writing a biography and Faulkner is only brieflyinvoked in the book as completed-nor did they in any sensedetermine my choice of Hardy as a subject.But the fact thatI registered them at all is indicative of the eager omnivorous-ness of my approach.As I said in the original preface ","cbCaiolfVPT4pvBi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiolfVPT4pvBi","pdf",58624248,214,"English","# Prelude\n# Part One: Apprenticeship\n## 1. Desperate Remedies\n## 2. “Ce Saxon autodidacte”: A matter of Education\n## 3. Under the Greenmood Tree\n## 4. Bockhampton and St Juliot: The Exploitation of Autobiography\n## 5. A Pair of Blue Eyes\n# Part Two: Achievement\n## 1. Far from the Madding Crowd\n## 2. Puddletown into Weatherbury: The Genesis of Wessex\n## 3. The Hand of Ethelberta\n## 4. On Native Grounds: Kegan Paul and William Barnes\n## 5. The Return of the Native\n# Part Three: Recession\n## 1. The Trumpet-Major\n## 2. The Uses of a Regional Past\n## 3. A Laodicean\n# Part Four: Renewal\n## 1. Max Gate\n## 2. “The Dorsetshire Labourer”\n## 3. The Mayor of Casterbridge\n## 4. The Evolution of Wessex\n## 5. The Woodlanders\n# Part Five: Fulfilment\n## 1. Tess of the d’Urbervilles\n## 2. Candour in English Fiction\n## 3. The Well-Beloved\n## 4. Hardy and the Theatre\n## 5. Jude the Obscure\n# Afterword\n# Notes\n# Index\n# Acknowledgments","[{\"question\":\"How is Hardy’s career structured in the book?\",\"answer\":\"It is organized into phases: Apprenticeship, Achievement, Recession, Renewal, and Fulfilment, each covering major aspects of Hardy’s life and writing.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of sources are used for quotations and page references?\",\"answer\":\"Quotations and references rely on the 24-volume Macmillan Wessex Edition (London, 1912–31), along with bibliographical descriptions and other Hardy-related volumes cited in the textual note.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the 1994 reissue preface focus on?\",\"answer\":\"It explains the author’s critical-program goals, emphasizing biographical and bibliographical knowledge, manuscript familiarity, and the publishing contexts Hardy encountered, while revisiting earlier critical evaluations.\"}]","Thomas Hardy - A Biography | PDF",1789949580,330]