[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-376930-105":59,"doc-detail-376930-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","therapeutic-implications-of-cancer-stem-cells-in-prostate-cancer","Therapeutic implications of cancer stem cells in prostate cancer","","Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently occurring cancers in men, is a heterogeneous disease involving multiple cell types within tumors. This tumor heterogeneity at least partly results from genomic instability leading to sub-clonal cellular differentiation. The differentiated cell populations originate from a small subset of cells with tumor-initiating and stem-like properties. These cells, termed prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), play crucial roles in disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse. This review discusses their origin, hierarchy, plasticity, isolation and enrichment methods, signaling pathways, and therapeutic targeting.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/therapeutic-implications-of-cancer-stem-cells-in-prostate-cancer/376930/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/therapeutic-implications-of-cancer-stem-cells-in-prostate-cancer/376930.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jake","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) and why are they important?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"PCSCs are a stem-like subset of tumor cells with tumor-initiating and self-renewal properties. They contribute to disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does tumor heterogeneity arise in prostate cancer according to the review?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review links heterogeneity partly to genomic instability that drives sub-clonal differentiation. It also notes that hierarchical and stochastic models of cancer stem cells can coexist within an umbrella framework of multiple CSC lineages and clonal evolution.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which signaling and metabolic processes are associated with PCSC induction and maintenance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Deregulated pathways including AKT, MAPK, Hedgehog, Notch, WNT, and Hippo are implicated. Metabolic rewiring involving aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) and downregulation of OXPHOS is also discussed, alongside EMT-related changes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},376930,1790452149,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":46,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":31},962084928904,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","Cancer Biol Med 2023. doi: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0714  \nREVIEW  \nTherapeutic implications of cancer stem cells in prostate cancer  \nPinaki Banerjee1, Prachi Kapse2*, Shehnaz Siddique3*, Moumita Kundu3, Jasoda Choudhari4, Varshasnata Mohanty3, Diksha Malhotra3, Suresh W. Gosavi2, Rajesh N. Gacche4, Gopal C. Kundu3,5  \n1 National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune 411007, India; 2School of Basic Medical Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; 3School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India; 4 Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India; 5 Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751024, India  \n\n| ABSTRACT | Prostate cancer, one of the most frequently occurring cancers in men, is a heterogeneous disease involving multiple cell types within tumors. This tumor heterogeneity at least partly results from genomic instability leading to sub-clonal cellular differentiation. The differentiated cell populations originate from a small subset of cells with tumor-initiating and stem-like properties. These cells, termed prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), play crucial roles in disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse. This review discusses the origin, hierarchy, and plasticity of PCSCs; methods for isolation and enrichment of PCSCs; and various cellular and metabolic signaling pathways involved in PCSC induction and maintenance, as well as therapeutic targeting. |\n| --- | --- |\n| KEYWORDS | Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; metastasis; prostate cancer; cancer stem cells; tumor growth; tumor microenvironment; signaling |\n\nIntroduction  \nProstate cancer has the second-highest incidence rate and fifth-highest mortality rate among cancers affecting the world’s male population 1,2 . Despite multiple advances in early detection and the availability of numerous prostate cancer treatments, limited progress has been made in treating locally advanced and metastatic forms of the disease. Most manifestations of prostate cancer initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT); however, many cases develop into an androgen-refractory form of the disease3. The heterogeneous population of cells within prostate tumors explains the many uncertainties involving the etiology and treatment of advanced disease.  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence to: Gopal C. Kundu  \nE-mail: [gopalc.kundu@kiit.ac.in](gopalc.kundu@kiit.ac.in)  \nORCID ID: [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-4033](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-4033)[ ](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3534-4033)Received November 18, 2022; accepted April 12, 2023; published online June 5, 2023.  \nAvailable [at www.cancerbiomed.org](at www.cancerbiomed.org)  \n©2023 Cancer Biology & Medicine. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License  \nHanahan and Weinberg4, in 2000, described 6 hallmarksof cancer: insensitivity to anti-growth signals, evasion of apoptosis, limitless replicative potential, self-sufficiency in growth signals, sustained angiogenesis, and tissue invasion and metastasis. In 2011, they added another 4 emerging hallmarks: evasion of immune destruction, reprogramming of energy metabolism, tumor-promoting inflammation, and genomic instability and mutation5. However, with new knowledge and a better understanding of multiple aspects of tumorigenesis and disease progression, the hallmarks of cancer have been redefined as selective growth and proliferative advantage; altered stress responses favoring overall survival, vascularization, invasion, and metastasis; metabolic rewiring; a favorable microenvironment; and immune system modulation6. Prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), a cell population with self-renewal properties, eventually accumulate multiple heterogeneous mutations over time and consequently display several hallmarks of cancer, including resistance to ","cbCaipekpixSm17k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipekpixSm17k","pdf",961193,"English","# Introduction\n## Cancer stem cell model and tumor heterogeneity concepts\n# Signaling pathways and metabolic rewiring in PCSCs\n## AKT, MAPK, Hedgehog, Notch, WNT, and Hippo pathways\n## Warburg effect, OXPHOS downregulation, and EMT\n# Therapeutic targeting of prostate cancer stem cells","[{\"question\":\"What are prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) and why are they important?\",\"answer\":\"PCSCs are a stem-like subset of tumor cells with tumor-initiating and self-renewal properties. They contribute to disease progression, drug resistance, and relapse.\"},{\"question\":\"How does tumor heterogeneity arise in prostate cancer according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review links heterogeneity partly to genomic instability that drives sub-clonal differentiation. It also notes that hierarchical and stochastic models of cancer stem cells can coexist within an umbrella framework of multiple CSC lineages and clonal evolution.\"},{\"question\":\"Which signaling and metabolic processes are associated with PCSC induction and maintenance?\",\"answer\":\"Deregulated pathways including AKT, MAPK, Hedgehog, Notch, WNT, and Hippo are implicated. Metabolic rewiring involving aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) and downregulation of OXPHOS is also discussed, alongside EMT-related changes.\"}]","Therapeutic implications of cancer stem cells in prostate cancer | PDF",1790222148]