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Instead of developing drugs for every theoretically possible tumor, a theoretical gene-delivery model is proposed using liposomes directed optically to tumor location. The system targets enzymes of drug metabolism to enable affordable marketed chemotherapeutics and improve patient outcomes by reducing treatment costs.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/theoretical-model-for-in-vivo-induction-of-chemotherapy-sensitization-using-mirna-packaged-in-distinct-layered-liposomes/336922/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/theoretical-model-for-in-vivo-induction-of-chemotherapy-sensitization-using-mirna-packaged-in-distinct-layered-liposomes/336922.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Sage","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is chemotherapy resistance a critical problem?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Chemotherapy resistance leads to reduced life expectancy, increased treatment costs, and a large number of cancers that do not respond to existing therapies.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What is the purpose of the proposed theoretical model?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It aims to overcome resistance to chemotherapeutic agents by enabling a gene-delivery strategy that interferes with drug metabolism-related enzymes.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the model deliver the genetic cargo to tumors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The model uses liposomes that are optically guided to the tumor’s location for targeted delivery.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},336922,1790165751,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},687197207057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Perspective  \nTheoretical Model for In Vivo Induction of Chemotherapy Sensitization Using miRNA Packaged in Distinct Layered Liposomes  \nRuxandra-Ioana Cipu , Mihai-Laureniu Stăni¸steanu , Mihaela-Aurelia Andrei , Daniel Dumitru Banciu * and Adela Banciu  \nDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering,  \nNational University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street,  \n011061 Bucharest, Romania; [ruxandra_ioana.cipu@stud.fim.upb.ro](ruxandra_ioana.cipu@stud.fim.upb.ro) (R.-I.C.);  \nmihai.stanisteanu@stud.fim.upb.ro (M.-L.S.); mihaela.andrei0911@stud.fim.upb.ro (M.-A.A.);  \n[adela.banciu@upb.ro](adela.banciu@upb.ro) (A.B.)  \n* Correspondence: [daniel.banciu@upb.ro](daniel.banciu@upb.ro); Tel.: +40-722-812-318  \nCitation: Cipu, R.-I.; Stăni¸steanu, M.-L.; Andrei, M.-A.; Banciu, D.D.; Banciu, A. Theoretical Model for In Vivo Induction of Chemotherapy Sensitization Using miRNA Packagedin Distinct Layered Liposomes. J. Funct. Biomater. 2024, 15, 298 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15100298](https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb15100298)  \nAcademic Editor: Dimitrios Karamichos  \nReceived: 14 August 2024  \nRevised: 1 October 2024  \nAccepted: 3 October 2024  \nPublished: 5 October 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nAbstract: Resistance to chemotherapy is a problem of major social and economic importance, when looking at factors like the decrease in life expectancy, the associated therapeutic costs, and a significant number of cancers that resist current chemotherapy. The development of chemotherapeutics for all theoretically possible tumor variants is an approach that requires unreasonable resources. We propose a theoretical model that serves the purpose of overcoming resistance to chemotherapeutic agents used in cancer therapy. The model describes a gene delivery system based on liposomes, which are optically guided to the tumor’s location. The main aim of the gene delivery system is inhibiting the activity of enzymes involved in drug metabolism, hence offering the opportunity to use inexpensive chemotherapeutics that are already on the market. This model will reduce the costs of chemotherapy and will assure a positive outcome for patients.  \nKeywords: chemotherapy; cancers; metabolism; treatment efficiency  \n1. Introduction  \nCancer is an illness caused by an uncontrollable proliferation of body cells, which causes the formation of a mass called a tumor. According to the World Health Organization, cancer is the second cause attributed to the worldwide death rate. Moreover, in the year 2022, a total of 1,918,030 new cancer cases and 609,360 deaths caused by cancer were projected to occur in the United States [1] . Cancer poses a significant challenge in nations regardless of their economic status. In Western countries, the incidence of numerous cancers is managed through the reduction in established risk factors, early detection methods, and advancements in treatment [2] .  \nTumors are typically categorized into four main groups. Firstly, they are classified broadly based on the tissue, organ, and system from which they originate. Then, they are further categorized by their specific type and graded according to World Health Organization (WHO) classifications. Tumors can be classified by their spread using the Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) system. These classifications play a crucial role in clinical oncology, cancer research, and the education of oncologists and pathologists. Tumors are also graded according to their prognosis using the WHO grading system, which considers cytological and morphological features. Grades range numerically from one (well-differentiat","cbCaikFN2sHwRzN3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikFN2sHwRzN3","pdf",912359,15,"English","# Introduction\n## Tumor classification and grading\n## Tumor staging and TNM framework","[{\"question\":\"Why is chemotherapy resistance a critical problem?\",\"answer\":\"Chemotherapy resistance leads to reduced life expectancy, increased treatment costs, and a large number of cancers that do not respond to existing therapies.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the purpose of the proposed theoretical model?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to overcome resistance to chemotherapeutic agents by enabling a gene-delivery strategy that interferes with drug metabolism-related enzymes.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the model deliver the genetic cargo to tumors?\",\"answer\":\"The model uses liposomes that are optically guided to the tumor’s location for targeted delivery.\"}]","Theoretical Model for In Vivo Induction of Chemotherapy Sensitization Using miRNA Packaged in Distinct Layered Liposomes | PDF",1790017068,38]