[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-603235-105":59,"doc-detail-603235-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","the-virtues-of-leadership-the-virtue-of-hope","The Virtues of Leadership - The Virtue of Hope","","Discusses how schools strengthen leadership when “word and deed are one,” emphasizing that leadership virtues and practiced moral character guide consistent, meaningful action. Examines four virtues—hope, trust, piety, and civility—and focuses on hope as a neglected but crucial leadership quality. Explains why leaders should be hopeful using evidence linking hopefulness with improved health, while distinguishing realistic hope from wishful thinking and highlighting active pathways to convert hope into effective practice.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-virtues-of-leadership-the-virtue-of-hope/603235/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-virtues-of-leadership-the-virtue-of-hope/603235.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"moss~","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What principle connects leadership to school culture?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Schools teach their culture best when they embody purposes, values, norms, and obligations in everyday activities, making leadership and virtue work together so that word and deed align.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"Why does the article argue leaders should be hopeful?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Because evidence suggests hope can improve outcomes, including health benefits reported through reviews and research linking hopefulness with biological and psychological changes.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"How is realistic hope different from wishing?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"Realistic hope is grounded in understanding concrete conditions and one’s role, activating energy for thoughtful action; wishing is passive and does not deliberately pursue change.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},603235,1792095942,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":41},962090895452,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","The Virtues of Leadership  \nby Thomas J. Sergiovanni  \nTeachersandstudentsalikeseekframeworksand normsystemsthat help them sort out how they fit into a school’s culture. Cultural frameworks are sources of sense making and meaning that all of us need.  \nSchools teach their culture best when they embody purposes, values, norms, and obligations in their everyday activities. Though this principle is widely accepted in word, it is often neglected in deed. The heartbeats of leadership and schools are strengthened when word and deed are one. This happens when leadership and virtue work together. Walton’s (1988, 177–78) words are helpful:  \nThe question is not whether virtue can be taught but how it maybe taught.  \nExample, not exhortation, and practice, not principle, take priority: carpenters become carpenters by building houses; pianists become pianists by playing the piano; managers become leaders by leading. The same is true of character: people become virtuous by practicing virtue and by living with moral mentors. If, for any reason, an organization becomes sidetracked, only managers of sound character can restore a sense of direction. Disciplined organizations reflect disciplined leaders whose honed abilities lead them to behave consistently, almost instinctively, in moral ways.  \nThese leaders know and focus on what is important, care deeply about their work, learn from their successes and failures, take calculated risks, and are trustworthy people.  \nThis article examines four leadership virtues: hope, trust, piety, and civility. When these four are at the core of leadership practice, the leverage needed for improving even the most challenging schools can be discovered.  \n112  \nEssays  \nThe Virtue of Hope  \nPerhaps the most important, yet most neglected leadership virtue is hope. Hope often is slighted because management theories tell us to look at the evidence, be tough as nails, be objective, and blindly face reality. But, facing reality rather than relying on hope is to accept reality. Relying on hope rather than facing reality is to change reality—hopefully. Leaders can be both hopeful and realistic as long as the possibilities for change remain open. Being realistic differs from facing reality in important ways. Being realistic is to calculate the odds with an optimistic eye—tobe aware of the consequences of being fateful without being preordained to the inevitability of a situation or circumstance.  \nWhy should leaders be hopeful? Because the evidence suggests that hope can change events for the better. It is widely accepted that sick people who are hopeful members of support groups which provide encouragement, prayer, or other forms of targeted social capital get healthier and stay healthier more often than sick people without the benefit of hopeful social capital. In her review of the literature on hope and health, Roset (1999, 7) found compelling evidence to link the two: “Findings in the health sciences show a positive relationship between biochemical reactions, attributed to hopefulness, and its  \neffect upon illness.” Oncologist Carl Simonton (in Carter 1996, 1) found that when cancer patients respond to their challenges with “feelings of hope and anticipation, the organism translates into biological processes that begin to restore balance and to revitalize the immune system.” Medical researchers (Roset 1999) found that a sense of hopefulness, from an increased sense of control, is connected with biological changes that enhance physical and mental health.  \nHope and Wishing  \nLeadership as moral action is  \na struggle to do the right thing according to a sense of values and what it means to be a human being.  \nHope often is confused with wishing. Hope, however, is grounded in reality, not wishful thinking. It is—to use Menninger, Mayman, and Pruyser’s (1963) term—realistic hope. They (1963, 385–86) argued:  \nRealistic hope... is basedontheattemptto understandtheconcreteconditionsof reality, to see one’sown role in","cbCaiiA70bv8fZ9p","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiA70bv8fZ9p","pdf",103983,12,"English","# The Virtues of Leadership\n## The Heartbeats of Leadership and Schools\n## The Virtue of Hope\n## Hope and Wishing\n## Faith","[{\"question\":\"What principle connects leadership to school culture?\",\"answer\":\"Schools teach their culture best when they embody purposes, values, norms, and obligations in everyday activities, making leadership and virtue work together so that word and deed align.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the article argue leaders should be hopeful?\",\"answer\":\"Because evidence suggests hope can improve outcomes, including health benefits reported through reviews and research linking hopefulness with biological and psychological changes.\"},{\"question\":\"How is realistic hope different from wishing?\",\"answer\":\"Realistic hope is grounded in understanding concrete conditions and one’s role, activating energy for thoughtful action; wishing is passive and does not deliberately pursue change.\"}]","The Virtues of Leadership - The Virtue of Hope | PDF"]