[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-590930-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-590930-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","the-views-of-physical-education-teachers-on-the-management-approaches-of-the-school-principals-full-length-research-paper","The Views of Physical Education Teachers on the Management Approaches of the School Principals - Full Length Research Paper","","This phenomenological qualitative study investigates how physical education teachers perceive the management approaches used by school principals. Data were collected through interviews using a form with three question sets, and analyzed via content analysis. The study group included 17 randomly selected physical education teachers working in state schools in Kayseri province during the 2019–2020 academic year. Findings indicate principals are generally seen as using an autocratic approach, with effects reported mostly as negative; teachers advocate more systematic input from staff to democratize management.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-views-of-physical-education-teachers-on-the-management-approaches-of-the-school-principals-full-length-research-paper/590930/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-views-of-physical-education-teachers-on-the-management-approaches-of-the-school-principals-full-length-research-paper/590930.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Stanford","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":33},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What is the main objective of the research?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"To investigate physical education teachers’ views on the management approaches of school principals.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How was the study conducted and what data were used?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The research used a phenomenological design. Interviews were conducted with an interview form containing three sets of questions, and the collected data were analyzed through content analysis.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What management approach do teachers most commonly attribute to school principals, and how does it affect them?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"Teachers generally perceive principals as using an autocratic management approach, and they report being influenced mostly in a negative way by this approach.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},590930,1792165131,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":33,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":101,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336477552062,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","African Educational Research Journal Vol. 8(3), pp. 560-565, August 2020  \nDOI: 10. 30918/AERJ.83.20.125 ISSN: 2354-2160  \nFull Length Research Paper  \nThe views of physical education teachers on the management approaches of the school principals  \nAhmet Yalçınkaya1, Ziya Bahadır2 and Çağrı Hamdi Erdoğan3*  \n1College of Physical Education and Sports, Kırşehir Ahi Evran  \n2 Faculty of Sports Sciences, 3Ministry of Education, Şehit Accepted 17 August, 2020  \nErciyes University, Turkey.  \nAhmet Cihan Kilci Middle School,  \nUniversity, Turkey. Turkey.  \n\n| ABSTRACT\u003Cbr>The objective of this research is to investigate the views of physical education teachers on the management approaches of the school principals. The research was conducted using the phenomenological design, which is used in the qualitative research methods. The respondents for the study group in the research comprised 17 physical education teachers who were randomly selected and working in state schools in Kayseri province during 2019-2020 academic year. The interview method was used in the research. In this method, the interview form was used as the data collection tool which comprises three sets of questions. The research data were analyzed through the content analysis method. Based on the results of the research, it was discovered that the physical education teachers in the study group considered that the school principals generally have an autocratic management approach. The physical education teachers in the study group reported that they were influenced by this approach of the school principals mostly in a negative way. Moreover, the physical education teachers in the study group suggested that the views of teachers should be sought by the school managements more in order to democratize the management approaches of the school principals.\u003Cbr>Keywords: School principal, management approach, physical education teacher. |\n| --- |\n| *Corresponding author. E-mail: [erdoganhamdi@hotmail.com](erdoganhamdi@hotmail.com). |\n\nINTRODUCTION  \nThe history of the administration dates back to ancient times. It had been noted through the previous studies that the Sumerians developed the writing style to respond to the need for administrative control process. Ancient Romans gave explanations about the effective management system, and the Roman Catholic Church contributed significantly to the old management understanding (Benligiray, 2005) . As can be understood from these explanations, it can be said that the concept of management had existed since the existence of the human being. The concept of management expressed here differed depending on the changes experienced over time. The concept of management is primarily a universal activity, and therefore, is one of the most important concepts. Examining the historical process, we can say that everywhere there is a human being has a type of management. Yurdakul (2011) defined  \nmanagement as the science of acting at the right time, right place and with the right people and tools by using existing resources in a realistic way in order to successfully perform a particular task. Management is a process consisting of various functions related to eachother. The most important reason why the management process is universal and realistic is that managers perform management functions (planning, organizing, directing, coordination, control) in the realization of organizational goals (Batmaz, 2012; Benligiray, 2005) . Managers are individuals who oversee and direct the activities of other people in the organization (Robbins et al. , 2013) .  \nThe most important factor that determines the type of management approach and shapes is the way the manager uses authority (Başaran, 2004; Terzi and Kurt, 2005) . According to Başaran (1991), the use of  \nadministrative authority and the delegation of authority to the subordinate managers by the highest authority varies from organization to organization and from manager to manager. This change exposes the","cbCaiqdQ267t6i1G","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqdQ267t6i1G","pdf",181986,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Historical development of administration and management\n## Authority and management styles\n## Autocratic management approach\n## Democratic/participatory management approach","[{\"question\":\"What is the main objective of the research?\",\"answer\":\"To investigate physical education teachers’ views on the management approaches of school principals.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study conducted and what data were used?\",\"answer\":\"The research used a phenomenological design. Interviews were conducted with an interview form containing three sets of questions, and the collected data were analyzed through content analysis.\"},{\"question\":\"What management approach do teachers most commonly attribute to school principals, and how does it affect them?\",\"answer\":\"Teachers generally perceive principals as using an autocratic management approach, and they report being influenced mostly in a negative way by this approach.\"}]","The Views of Physical Education Teachers on the Management Approaches of the School Principals - Full Length Research Paper | PDF",1792070750,15]