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It traces the virus’s entry in January 2020, widespread district closures beginning in March, and the mid-2020 context of rising cases and deaths. The analysis highlights flexibility and local decision-making while showing how remote learning exposed long-standing racial and socioeconomic inequalities and contributed to learning loss, calling for targeted tutoring and interventions to improve educational equity for both in-person and remote instruction.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-us-educational-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic/595001/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-us-educational-response-to-the-covid-19-pandemic/595001.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mary Man","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What core issue does the paper investigate about US schools during COVID-19?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It investigates the federal and state educational responses to COVID-19 and the plans for reopening schools, including how districts shifted to remote or distance learning.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"When did school closures start appearing in the US according to the paper?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Most school districts began to close in March 2020 as the virus spread.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did remote learning affect educational equity?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Remote learning highlighted and exacerbated racial and economic inequalities related to technology access, student engagement, and school-parent relationships, potentially worsening learning loss without effective action.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595001,1792190450,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},7421720224475,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","The US Educational Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic  \nNathan Storey, Robert E. Slavin  \nJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21286, USA  \n\n| Abstract. This paper examines the United States federal and state educational responses to the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as states’ plans for reopening schools. The virus entered the United States in January 2020. As the virus spread, most school districts began to close in March. At the end of June, the United States has experienced the highest number of cases and deaths due to COVID-19 in the world, and infection rates appear to be rising once again. Given the great physical and socioeconomic diversity of the United States, the federal and state response to COVID-19 and plans to reopen schools in the autumn have emphasized flexibility and adaptation. However, the implementation of remote (online) learning has highlighted and exacerbated long-standing racial and economic inequalities in US society related to technology access, school engagement, and school-parent relationships. These inequalities may be exacerbated as schools attempt to reopen and students continue to face inconsistent access to learning, learning loss during the spring semester and summer, and COVID-19 spread among the most atrisk population groups. Further research and practical interventions, such as tutoring, should be implemented to address educational equality issues and improve access, whether to in-person or remote instruction.\u003Cbr>Best Evid Chin Edu 2020; 5(2):617-633.\u003Cbr>Doi: 10.15354/bece.20.or027. |\n| --- |\n| How to Cite: Storey, N., Slavin, R.E. (2020) The US educational response to the\u003Cbr>COVID-19 pandemic. Best Evid Chin Edu, 5(2):617-633. |\n\nKeywords: COVID-19; Remote Learning; School Closure; Educational Responses; Online Schooling; Distance Learning; School Reopening.  \nAbout the Author: Nathan Storey, School of Education, Johns Hopkins University, 300 East Joppa Road 5th fl., Baltimore, MD 21286, [USA. Email: nstorey1@jhu.edu](USA. Email: nstorey1@jhu.edu)  \nCorrespondence to: Robert E. Slavin, Professor, School of Education, Johns Hopkins University, 300 East Joppa  \nRoad 5th fl., Baltimore, MD 21286, [USA. Email: rslavin@SuccessForAll.org](USA. Email: rslavin@SuccessForAll.org).  \nConflict of Interests: None.  \nIN the 2020 pandemic, the United States has had the largest number of COVID-19  \ncases and deaths of any country. Its responses to the health crisis have been frag  \nmented and uncertain. The same fragmentation and uncertainty have prevailed in the US education system, and as of this writing (June 2020), the policies and outcomes of US schools combating COVID-19 are not yet known. The educational response in the United States has emphasized a reliance on flexibility, adaptation, and local decision-making, for both better and worse. This paper will examine the US response to the coronavirus outbreak, focusing on the different approaches taken by different states and school districts, the challenges encountered in closing schools and shifting to remote (online) or distance learning, and prospects for reopening school systems in the Fall 2020. As will be seen, the transition to remote learning was often inconsistent and revealed or exacerbated existing inequalities in US society, especially those related to socioeconomic status and race. These inequalities are likely to be further intensified should the remote learning system continue in place under the conditions that existed in the spring or without large-scale, effective action taken to address COVID-19-related learning loss.  \nOnset of US Pandemic  \nThe first identified coronavirus cases in the United States were reported in mid-January 2020, though some speculate the virus entered the United States as early as December 2019, and began circulating in northern California and Washington State, before spreading to other states (Baker, 2020) . At the end of January, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared a","cbCaiaT7FOxB5bhX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaT7FOxB5bhX","pdf",311743,17,"English","# Abstract\n## Onset of US Pandemic\n## State and Local Response to COVID-19","[{\"question\":\"What core issue does the paper investigate about US schools during COVID-19?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the federal and state educational responses to COVID-19 and the plans for reopening schools, including how districts shifted to remote or distance learning.\"},{\"question\":\"When did school closures start appearing in the US according to the paper?\",\"answer\":\"Most school districts began to close in March 2020 as the virus spread.\"},{\"question\":\"How did remote learning affect educational equity?\",\"answer\":\"Remote learning highlighted and exacerbated racial and economic inequalities related to technology access, student engagement, and school-parent relationships, potentially worsening learning loss without effective action.\"}]","The US Educational Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic | PDF",1792080252,43]