[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-274620-105":59,"doc-detail-274620-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","the-transformation-of-public-high-schools-in-new-york-city-executive-summary-and-key-findings","The Transformation of Public High Schools in New York City - Executive Summary and Key Findings","","A policy report by the Manhattan Institute examining New York City’s restructuring of public high schools from 1994 to 2014, including the expansion of charter high schools and the shift toward smaller district schools. It assesses district and charter performance as of 2018–19 using groups based on school size, academic selectivity, and origin, highlighting student progress, graduation outcomes, and differences in assessment models. It also discusses implications for potential future reorganization under the incoming mayoral administration.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-transformation-of-public-high-schools-in-new-york-city-executive-summary-and-key-findings/274620/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-transformation-of-public-high-schools-in-new-york-city-executive-summary-and-key-findings/274620.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Stanford","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-09-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",18,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What major public high school changes occurred in New York City between 1994 and 2014?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The city opened charter high schools and created many smaller district high schools intended to replace large traditional comprehensive and vocational schools. Reforms accelerated in 2002 as the Bloomberg administration reviewed school performance and closed consistently underperforming schools.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does the report evaluate school performance as of 2018–19?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"It compares district and charter public high schools using groups determined by school size, academic selectivity, and origin. The analysis focuses on student progress, passing Regents exam scores, and on-time graduation.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What does the report say about Performance Standards Consortium schools and charter schools?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Performance Standards Consortium schools use an alternative assessment approach that deemphasizes standardized testing, with outcomes including successful college placement and student performance once in college. Charter schools, described as a later and still developing part of the sector, are reported to show impressive exam scores and college-going rates compared with prior options in their communities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},274620,1789480028,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336477552062,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Report  \nAb ou t US  \nThe Manhattan Institute is a think tank whose mission is to develop and disseminate new ideas that foster greater economic choice and individual responsibility.  \nJanuary 2022  \nThe Transformation of Public High Schools in New York City  \nRay Domanico  \nDirector, Education Policy Manhattan Institute  \nExecutive Summary  \nBetween 1994 and 2014, New York City engaged in a historic overhaul of its publicly funded high schools. This included the opening of charter high schools (made possible by a 1999 state law) and the creation of new, smaller district high schools that would, in time, replace many of the city’s large, traditional, comprehensive, and vocational high schools. The reforms started during Giuliani’s mayoral administration and accelerated in 2002 when the Bloomberg administration began methodically reviewing the performance of all its schools and closing those that consistently demonstrated poor performance.  \nDespite independent research showing that the changes led to positive student outcomes, Bill de Blasio brought these efforts to a close when he became mayor in 2014. Now there is a new mayor in town.  \nThis report describes the performance of all city public high schools, district and charter, as of 2018–19—comparing them in groups determined by their size, academic selectivity, and origin—and discusses the implications of their performance for the future. Incoming mayor Eric Adams and his administration will soon have the opportunity to rethink how New York’s high schools might be reorganized or modified to serve the needs of students with differing achievement levels at the end of middle school: those ready for highly advanced work and those who enter high school clearly unlikely to attain college readiness.  \nThe Transformation of Public High Schools in New York City  \nKey Findings:  \n• Three hundred and fifty-nine new public high schools that were opened between 1994 and 2014 are operating today under the Department of Education’s control, along with 56 publicly funded but independently operated charter high schools. Combined, these schools were serving more than 173,000 students by 2019, 59% of the total public high school student body.  \n• Rigorous independent research of some of the schools that began in the Bloomberg era found that they had a positive impact on their students, compared with the schools that they replaced. Current data show that, on average, the nonselective small schools created in the years under study are getting their students to progress through the grades, earn passing scores on the necessary Regents exams, and graduate on time about 83% of the time. This is a great achievement over the outcomes ofthe previous high school system.  \n• One particular group, the Performance Standards Consortium schools, has a different way of teaching and learning. They dispense, for the most part, with standardized testing and offer an alternative vision of student and school assessment. Their success in getting graduates into college—and the success of their students once they are in college—gets much less attention than they deserve.  \n• Charter schools came later to the high school sector and remain somewhat of a work in progress. Still, their students’ exam scores are impressive, as are the rates oftheir graduates getting in to college. These schools are clearly better than what existed in the past in the communities that these schools serve.  \n• Overall, the city’s high schools continue to grapple with the very real achievement disparities among students from various demographic and socioeconomic backgrounds. Still, the transformation of the high school sector between 1994 and 2014 seems to have raised the floor of achievement and has created many more opportunities in communities whose students were once relegated to very low-performing high schools.  \nContacts  \nTo request an information packet about MI, or if you have questions about how to support us,  \ncontact support@ ","cbCaicL5eZ1ImAZ1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicL5eZ1ImAZ1","pdf",315293,17,"English","# Executive Summary\n## Key Findings\n## Introduction\n## Contacts","[{\"question\":\"What major public high school changes occurred in New York City between 1994 and 2014?\",\"answer\":\"The city opened charter high schools and created many smaller district high schools intended to replace large traditional comprehensive and vocational schools. Reforms accelerated in 2002 as the Bloomberg administration reviewed school performance and closed consistently underperforming schools.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report evaluate school performance as of 2018–19?\",\"answer\":\"It compares district and charter public high schools using groups determined by school size, academic selectivity, and origin. The analysis focuses on student progress, passing Regents exam scores, and on-time graduation.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the report say about Performance Standards Consortium schools and charter schools?\",\"answer\":\"Performance Standards Consortium schools use an alternative assessment approach that deemphasizes standardized testing, with outcomes including successful college placement and student performance once in college. Charter schools, described as a later and still developing part of the sector, are reported to show impressive exam scores and college-going rates compared with prior options in their communities.\"}]","The Transformation of Public High Schools in New York City - Executive Summary and Key Findings | PDF",43]