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Board of education presidents, teachers’ union presidents, and practicing superintendent/principals assess perceived importance across four roles and multiple responsibilities. Results show consensus on chief financial officer and role model functions, plus key responsibilities in financial oversight and building a positive, safe school climate. The least valued role is politician and the least valued responsibility concerns oversight of student activities and extra-curricular events.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-superintendentprincipal-a-position-born-in-purgatory/601865/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-superintendentprincipal-a-position-born-in-purgatory/601865.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"ahduag","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What dual-role model does the study focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on the superintendent/principal model, where one administrator assumes both superintendent and principal responsibilities.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which roles and responsibilities did participants agree were most important?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants agreed on the superintendent/principal roles of chief financial officer and role model, and on responsibilities including financial oversight and creating a positive, safe school climate.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which role and responsibility were rated least important?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The least important role was identified as politician, and the least important responsibility was oversight/supervision of student activities and extra-curricular events.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601865,1792165145,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},3985747870414,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","The Superintendent/Principal: A Position Born in Purgatory  \nMichael C. Curry  \nV.I. T. School District, Table Grove, Illinois  \nLora L. Wolf  \nWestern Illinois University  \nThe purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the priority level of the roles and responsibilities of the superintendent/principal in Illinois as perceived by board of education presidents, teachers’union presidents, and practicing superintendent/principals in the 102 Illinois school districts utilizing the superintendent/principal model. The findings found agreement in the two roles (chief financial officer and role model) and two responsibilities (financial oversight and build a positive and safe school climate) along with the least important role (politician) and the least important responsibility (oversight/supervision of student activities and extra curricular events).  \nEducation Leadership Review of Doctoral Research, Vol. 5. Fall 2017 ISSN: 1532-0723 © 2017 International Council of Professors of Educational Administration.  \nThis manuscript may not be used commercially or edited. When quoting portions ofthis text, full attribution to the author/s is required.  \nSchool leadership has evolved since the era of the one-room school with no administrative personnel. Today schools and districts are led by individuals trained for specific roles and responsibilities. The two most prevalent educational leadership positions are the district-level superintendent and the building-level principal. Each position serves schools in unique ways.  \nThe roles associated with the modern superintendency include chief executive officer, chief financial officer, public relations director, community liaison, visionary, role model, politician, human resources director, facilities manager, and educational expert. Superintendents’responsibilities include district financial oversight; policy regulation; district personnel management; district facilities management; professional development; networking; personal professional learning; political involvement; board and staff communication; and attending meetings with staff, board members, constituents, and colleagues (Carter & Cunningham, 1997; Hall, 2008; Hesbol, 2005; Houston, 2007; Petersen & Short, 2001) .  \nToday’s building principals’ roles include instructional leader, change agent, building-level human resource director, building manager, curriculum expert, role model, and communicator. Principals’ responsibilities include setting building goals; creating a building’s vision; overseeing curriculum; evaluating teachers and support staff; disciplining students; supervising student activities; building relationships; identifying, managing, and participating in professional development; managing building-level personnel issues; meeting with parents, staff, students, and community members; and supervising extra-curricular activities (Fink & Resnick, 2001; Hesbol, 2005; Lortie, 1975) .  \nIn districts with declining enrollment, decreased state funding, increased costs, and pressure from community members to keep their schools, superintendents and boards of education look for ways to lower expenditures. Since personnel expenditures make up a significant part of the budget, personnel is often targeted. One cost-saving measure utilized in such districts is reducing administrative costs by combining the positions of superintendent and principal. The dual-role position is referred to as superintendent/principal. This study focused on the roles and the responsibilities of the superintendent/principal.  \nStatement of the Problem  \nThe superintendent/principal position forces a single administrator to assume two disparate roles. This position poses challenges for the administrator and his or her constituents. Jim Burgett, motivational speaker and former superintendent/principal, described the superintendent/principal asa “position born in purgatory”(Personal Correspondence, 2015) highlighting the torment and often temporary stay","cbCaifs7f5ElRlHU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifs7f5ElRlHU","pdf",286217,"English","# Statement of the Problem\n# Purpose of the Study\n# Review of the Literature\n## Superintendent and principal role evolution\n## Dual-role superintendent/principal responsibilities","[{\"question\":\"What dual-role model does the study focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on the superintendent/principal model, where one administrator assumes both superintendent and principal responsibilities.\"},{\"question\":\"Which roles and responsibilities did participants agree were most important?\",\"answer\":\"Participants agreed on the superintendent/principal roles of chief financial officer and role model, and on responsibilities including financial oversight and creating a positive, safe school climate.\"},{\"question\":\"Which role and responsibility were rated least important?\",\"answer\":\"The least important role was identified as politician, and the least important responsibility was oversight/supervision of student activities and extra-curricular events.\"}]","The Superintendent/Principal: A Position Born in Purgatory | PDF",1792093580,48]