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Building on prior evidence that transposable elements (TEs) activate in early gastric cancer, the study analyzes single-cell data from gastritis to early gastric cancer and shows TE expression tracks disease progression, identifying 2,430 TE-defined cell population markers. Pseudotemporal trajectories reveal 111 TEs linked to cancer-cell origination, and spatial analysis confirms TE enrichment in tumor regions and microenvironment. A TE-mediated regulatory network suggests ~2,000 genes are modulated by TEs, highlighting their potential as early-detection biomarkers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-spatial-and-cellular-portrait-of-transposable-element-expression-during-gastric-cancer-read-online-free/338253/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-spatial-and-cellular-portrait-of-transposable-element-expression-during-gastric-cancer-read-online-free/338253.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Riley","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-23","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are transposable elements important in early gastric cancer?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study builds on evidence that transposable elements become activated in early gastric cancer, suggesting a functional role in gene expression and progression.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were TE expression patterns analyzed across disease progression?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Using single-cell data spanning gastritis to early gastric cancer, the work identifies TE-expressed cell populations and tracks how expression follows progression.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do spatial analyses show about TE involvement in tumors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Spatial data confirm TE expression and show that 204 TEs are enriched in tumor regions and the tumor microenvironment, supporting a role in tumorigenesis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},338253,1790698901,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},1374391975076,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/14000253ca4ec9f6853?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1783305029341752051","[www. nature.com/scientificreports](www. nature.com/scientificreports)  \nOPEN  \nThe spatial and cellular portrait of transposable element expression during gastric cancer  \nBraulioValdebenito-Maturana  \nGastric Cancer (GC) is a lethal malignancy, with urgent need for the discovery of novel biomarkers for its early detection. I previously showed that Transposable Elements (TEs) become activated in early GC (EGC), suggesting a role in gene expression. Here, I follow-up on that evidence using single-cell data from gastritis to EGC, and show that TEs are expressed and follow the disease progression, with 2,430 of them being cell populations markers. Pseudotemporal trajectory modeling revealed 111 TEs associated with the origination of cancer cells. Analysis of spatial data from GC also confirmsTE expression, with 204 TEs being spatially enriched in the tumor regions and the tumor microenvironment, hinting at a role of TEs in tumorigenesis. Finally, a network of TE-mediated gene regulation was modeled, indicating that ~ 2,000 genes could be modulated byTEs, with ~ 500 of them already implicated in cancer. These results suggest that TEs might play a functional role in GC progression, and highlights them as potential biomarker for its early detection.  \nGastric Cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death, with an estimated 800,000 demises per year1,2. Although it has a global incidence, it is now considered an endemic malignancy in South America and some parts of Asia and Europe1,3. The 5-year survival rate of advanced stages GC is ~ 5%, while for early GC is > 70%2,4, highlighting the importance of detecting this malignancy in a timely manner3. Persistent inflammation to the stomach is one of the main factors associated with the origin of GC. Particularly, chronic gastritis and Intestinal Metaplasia (IM) are precursor lesions, and the overall cascade progression of the disease can be recapitulated from Chronic Non-Atrophic Gastritis (NAG), Chronic Atrophic Gastritis (CAG), IM, early GC (EGC) and GC1,4–6. Taking this into account, several groups have studied this progression using different modalities of RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) to profile the changes in genome-wide gene expression6–8.  \nRNA-Seq has remained the gold standard in gene expression studies due to its large-scale throughput, and nucleotide-level profiling of gene expression9, 10. Traditional RNA-Seq is also known as “bulk”, because it capturesa homogenized portrait of gene expression11. Although this has allowed for many advances in our knowledge, it has been somewhat limited for studying cancer due to intratumor heterogeneity12. In turn, recent works using higher-resolution modalities of RNA-Seq, such as single-cell (scRNA-Seq) and spatially-resolved (srRNA-Seq), have been published6, 13, 14. In addition to the identification of tumor subpopulations, scRNA-Seq allows for thereconstruction of cell trajectories through Trajectory Inference (TI) methods. TI corresponds to the modeling of dynamic cellular processes through the pseudotemporal arrangement of cells based on their transcriptional similarity15. This methodology has been successfully studied to understand cancer evolution6, 13, 16, 17 and how different cancer subpopulations respond to treatment18. In addition, by using this methodology, gene expression changes involved in cell fate decisions can also be studied, which can help understand what drives the changes in cell subpopulations towards a malignant genotype18–20. Despite the many breakthroughs of scRNA-Seq, one drawback is that tissue topology and organization is lost. In cancer studies, this makes it difficult to understand the interactions between tumor and its microenvironment. In this regard, srRNA-Seq preserves the twodimensional spatial architecture and allows the profiling of in situ expression across a tissue section21. This technique has accelerated our understanding of cancer by allowing the study of gene expression in the tumor and sur","cbCaidpNklrr5O46","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidpNklrr5O46","pdf",12848793,18,"English","# Gastric cancer background and need for early detection\n# Gene expression profiling approaches (bulk, single-cell, spatial)\n# Transposable elements: biology and roles in disease\n# Study objectives and prior findings\n# Single-cell pseudotemporal trajectory analysis\n# Spatial enrichment in tumor regions and microenvironment\n# TE-mediated gene regulatory network and implications","[{\"question\":\"Why are transposable elements important in early gastric cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The study builds on evidence that transposable elements become activated in early gastric cancer, suggesting a functional role in gene expression and progression.\"},{\"question\":\"How were TE expression patterns analyzed across disease progression?\",\"answer\":\"Using single-cell data spanning gastritis to early gastric cancer, the work identifies TE-expressed cell populations and tracks how expression follows progression.\"},{\"question\":\"What do spatial analyses show about TE involvement in tumors?\",\"answer\":\"Spatial data confirm TE expression and show that 204 TEs are enriched in tumor regions and the tumor microenvironment, supporting a role in tumorigenesis.\"}]","The spatial and cellular portrait of transposable element expression during gastric cancer - read online free | PDF",1790022776,45]