[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-614421-105":59,"doc-detail-614421-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","the-scramble-for-africa-student-handouts","The Scramble for Africa - Student Handouts","","Slide handout material outlining the forces and key actors behind late-19th-century imperial expansion in Africa. Covers the racist “Dark Continent” framing and counters it with Africa’s cultural and historical diversity, then traces the “opening up” through missionaries and explorers. Highlights Karl Peters, Cecil Rhodes, and King Leopold II, including Congo governance and the Berlin Conference, and summarizes territorial claims by Britain, France, Germany, Spain, and remaining African independence in 1914.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-scramble-for-africa-student-handouts/614421/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-scramble-for-africa-student-handouts/614421.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Mabel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What does the handout say about the term “Dark Continent”?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"It describes “Dark Continent” as racist terminology used to characterize African peoples as ignorant. The handout states that Africa has always contained diverse groups with distinct cultures and histories, including civilizations, languages, and religions.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How did Karl Peters influence Germany’s colonial expansion?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Karl Peters is presented as a German explorer who organized and promoted Germany’s colonial expansion. He acquired German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania) and persuaded Otto von Bismarck to take over and expand German colonies in Africa.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"Which European powers controlled parts of Africa according to the handout?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The handout discusses British influence in North Africa (especially Egypt), French control by World War I, German territories such as Togoland and Cameroons, and Spanish possessions limited to a few areas. It also notes that by 1914 only two independent African countries remained.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},614421,1792401592,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":142,"read_time":143},7971474920318,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000ee537e6b0ca360?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1788430171632181674","Slide 1  \nSlide 2  \nSlide 3  \nThe Scramble for Africa  \n© Student Handouts, [Inc. www.studenthandouts.com](Inc. www.studenthandouts.com)  \n\n| \u003Cbr>THE “DARK” CONTINENT\u003Cbr>• “Dark Continent” – racist terminology referred to both the peoples of Africa and their alleged ignorance\u003Cbr>• In reality, Africa has always had |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| | diverse groups of people with their own unique cultures and histories\u003Cbr>– Civilizations\u003Cbr>– Languages\u003Cbr>– Religions |\n\nSlide 4  \nSlide 5  \nSlide 6  \n| \u003Cbr>The “OPENING UP” OF AFRICA\u003Cbr>• Mid-1800s\u003Cbr>• Missionaries and explorers |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| | sparked foreign interest in |  |\n|  | Africa | \u003Cbr>|\n\nSlide 7  \nSlide 8  \nSlide 9  \n| \u003Cbr>KARL PETERS (1856-1918)\u003Cbr>• German explorer in Africa\u003Cbr>• Organized and propagandized for Germany’s colonial expansion\u003Cbr>– Founded the Society for German Colonization |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| • Acquired German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania)\u003Cbr>• Convinced Otto von Bismarck to take over German East Africa and increase Germany’s colonies in Africa\u003Cbr>| |\n\n\n| \u003Cbr>CECIL RHODES (1853-1902)\u003Cbr>• British businessman and politician in southern Africa\u003Cbr>• Made a fortune from African diamond mines\u003Cbr>• Established South African Company\u003Cbr>– Land later became Rhodesia (Zimbabwe)\u003Cbr>• Prime minister of Cape Colony (1890-1896) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| | – Wanted British control over South Africa\u003Cbr>– Wanted Cape-to-Cairo Railroad\u003Cbr>Architect of British imperialism in southern Africa\u003Cbr>– Great Britain became leading colonial power in southern Africa |\n\nSlide 10  \nSlide 11  \nSlide 12  \n\n| CECIL RHODES (1853-1902) |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| | | |\n\n\n| \u003Cbr>KING LEOPOLD II OF BELGIUM\u003Cbr>(1835-1909)\u003Cbr>• Took over land in central Africa\u003Cbr>• Berlin Conference (1885)\u003Cbr>– Leopold’s control over Congo Free State recognized by major powers\u003Cbr>• Belgian Congo (1908) |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| \u003Cbr>– Leopold criticized for the cruelty of his rule in the Congo\u003Cbr>– Leopold forced to sell Congo Free State to Belgian government\u003Cbr>– Renamed Belgian Congo\u003Cbr>• Created European race for African colonies – “Scramble for Africa”\u003Cbr>– Diamonds, foodstuffs, gold, ivory, rubber | |\n\nSlide 13  \nSlide 14  \nSlide 15  \n\n| \u003Cbr>UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA\u003Cbr>• Created in 1910\u003Cbr>• Included Cape Colony, Orange Free State, Natal, and Transvaal |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| • Self-government\u003Cbr>| |\n\nSlide 16  \nSlide 17  \nSlide 18  \nBRITISH IN NORTH AFRICA  \n• Egypt – in name ruled by Ottoman Turks, but largely independent  \n• European capital investments  \n| \u003Cbr>EUROPEANS IN EGYPT\u003Cbr>• 1870s – with the Egyptian government bankrupt, the British and French tookover financial control of the country\u003Cbr>– Egyptian monarchs (technically Ottoman viceroys) ruled as puppet leaders\u003Cbr>• 1882 – Egyptian nationalist rebellion |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| | – France withdrew its troops\u003Cbr>– Great Britain left in control of Egypt |  |\n|  | • Lord Cromer introduced reforms – De facto British protectorate\u003Cbr>• Made official in 1914\u003Cbr>• Independence came in 1922 | |\n\nSlide 19  \nSlide 20  \nSlide 21  \nCape-to-Cairo Railway: Crossing over Victoria Falls  \nSlide 22  \nSlide 23  \nSlide 24  \n\n| \u003Cbr>FRENCH IN AFRICA\u003Cbr>• By World War I – 1914\u003Cbr>– France controlled 3,250,000 square miles in Africa\u003Cbr>• 14 times the area of France |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| | – France ruled 30,000,000 Africans\u003Cbr>• 75% of the population of France\u003Cbr>|\n\n\n| \u003Cbr>GERMANS IN AFRICA\u003Cbr>• Togoland (now Togo and Ghana)\u003Cbr>• Cameroons (now Cameroon and Nigeria)\u003Cbr>• Southwest Africa (now Namibia)\u003Cbr>• East Africa (now Burundi, Rwanda, and |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| | Tanzania) | |\n\nSlide 25  \nSlide 26  \nSlide 27  \n| SPANISH IN AFRICA |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| • Spain had very few possessionsin Africa\u003Cbr>• Tip of Morocco\u003Cbr>• Rio de Oro\u003Cbr>• Rio Muni | |\n\nSlide 28  \nSlide 29  \nSlide 30  \n\n| \u003Cbr>AFRICANS IN AFRICA\u003Cbr>• By the time of the First World War (1914)\u003Cbr>– Only 2 independent African countries |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| | • Abyssinia (Ethiopia)\u003Cbr>– Ruled by dynast","cbCaidicqvi3BmWD","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidicqvi3BmWD","pdf",757917,"English","# The “Dark” Continent\n# The “Opening Up” of Africa\n# Key Figures: Karl Peters, Cecil Rhodes, and King Leopold II\n# Union of South Africa\n# British in North Africa\n# Europeans in Egypt\n# Cape-to-Cairo Railway\n# Europeans in Africa: French, Germans, and Spanish\n# Africans in Africa (1914 Independence)","[{\"question\":\"What does the handout say about the term “Dark Continent”?\",\"answer\":\"It describes “Dark Continent” as racist terminology used to characterize African peoples as ignorant. The handout states that Africa has always contained diverse groups with distinct cultures and histories, including civilizations, languages, and religions.\"},{\"question\":\"How did Karl Peters influence Germany’s colonial expansion?\",\"answer\":\"Karl Peters is presented as a German explorer who organized and promoted Germany’s colonial expansion. He acquired German East Africa (modern-day Tanzania) and persuaded Otto von Bismarck to take over and expand German colonies in Africa.\"},{\"question\":\"Which European powers controlled parts of Africa according to the handout?\",\"answer\":\"The handout discusses British influence in North Africa (especially Egypt), French control by World War I, German territories such as Togoland and Cameroons, and Spanish possessions limited to a few areas. It also notes that by 1914 only two independent African countries remained.\"}]","The Scramble for Africa - Student Handouts | PDF",1792387524,25]