[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-264943-105":59,"doc-detail-264943-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-science-of-suffering","The Science of Suffering","","Explores how children of trauma survivors inherit psychological injury from parents shaped by extreme violence, focusing on Cambodian refugees affected by the Khmer Rouge and the resulting prevalence of PTSD. Uses personal stories, such as Sandy and Tom Sun, to show difficulties with concentration, sleep, self-control, and disrupted family outcomes. Reviews traditional explanations in family dynamics and highlights emerging research suggesting more fundamental, potentially biological mechanisms for transgenerational transmission.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-science-of-suffering/264943/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-science-of-suffering/264943.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Eliana","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-19","2026-09-14",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the article suggest about children inheriting trauma from their parents?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It describes how psychological burdens can carry into the next generation, shaping behavior and inner life through mechanisms such as anxiety, harshness of tone, and unconscious transmission.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does PTSD play in the Cambodian community discussed in the article?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A clinic serving Lowell’s Cambodian population diagnoses most incoming patients with PTSD, and the article emphasizes that the resulting suffering affects both daily functioning and family relationships.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How do researchers’ views differ from traditional psychiatric explanations in the article?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Traditional views emphasize family dynamics, while newer research points toward a more fundamental, potentially biological psychopathology that may not be resolved simply through conversation or reassurance.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},264943,1789391279,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143},4398048949847,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/400002536579ef2da7f?_k=1778318612642679267","# The Science of Suffering\n\nKids are inheriting their parents'trauma.Can science stop it?  \nBY JUDITHSHULEVITZ Novgmber 16.2014  \nLowell,Massachusetts,a former mill town of the red-brick-and-waterfall variety 25miles north of Boston,has proportionally more Cambodians and Cambodian-Americans than nearly any other city in the country:as many as 30,000,out of apopulation of slightly more than 100,000.These are largely refugees and the familiesof refugees from the Khmer Rouge,the Maoist extremists who,from 1975 to 1979,destroyed Cambodia's economy;shot,tortured,or starved to death nearly twomillion of its people;and forced millions more into a slave network of unimaginablyharsh labor camps.Lowell's Cambodian neighborhood is lined with dilapidatedrowhouses and stores that sell liquor behind bullet-proof glass,although the town'sleaders are trying to rebrand it as a tourist destination:\"Little Cambodia.\"  \nAt Arbour Counseling Services,a clinic on a run-down corner of central Lowell,95percent of the Cambodians who come in for help are diagnosed with Post TraumaticStress Disorder,or PTSD.(In Cambodia itself,an estimated 14.2 percent of peoplewho were at least three years old during the Pol Pot period have the disorder.)Theirsuffering is palpable.When Ivisited Arbour,I met a distraught woman in her fortieswhomI'll call Sandy.She was seven when she was forced into the jungle and14when she came to the United States,during which time she lived in a children'scamp,nearly starved to death,watched as her father was executed,and was struck inthe ear by a soldier's gun.She interspersed her high-pitched,almost rehearsed-sounding recitation of horrors past with complaints about the present.She couldn'tconcentrate,sleep at night,or stop ruminating on the past.She \"thinks too much,\"aphrase that is common when Cambodians talk about PTSD.After she tried to killherself while pregnant,her mother took Sandy's two daughters and raised themherself.But they have not turned out well,in Sandy's opinion.They are hosile anddifficult,she says.They fight their grandmother andeach other,so bitterly that thepolice have been called.They both finished college and one isa pharmacist and theother a clerk in an electronics store.But,she says,they speakto her only to curseher.(The daughters declined to talkto me.)  \nOn the whole,the children of Cambodian survivors have not enjoyed the upwardmobility of children of immigrants from other Asian countries.More than 40 percentof all Cambodian-Americans lack a high school diploma.Only slightly more than 10percent have a bachelor's degree.The story of Tom Sun,a soft-spoken,pop-star-dapper thirtysomething(he doesn't know his exact age)is emblematic,except,perhaps,in how well he's doing now.His mother was pregnant with him during theKhmer Rouge years.His father died before the Vietnamese invaded Cambodia anddrove the Khmer Rouge back into the jungle.When he was very young,he,hismother,and a little brother made their way from a Thai refugee camp to the UnitedStates and eventually settled in Lowell.The two boys and two other brothers,bornafter they arrived in the United States,were left to raise themselves.Illiterate andshattered,their mother gambled,cried,and yelled at her sons.\"My mother,she'sloud,\"Sun told me.\"She's gota very mean tone.I still hear it in my head.\"Hisstepfather,a mechanic,also asurvivor and also illiterate,beat them until weltsstriped their bodies.By the time Sun should have entered seventh grade,he hadjoined the Tiny Rascals,perhapsthe largest Asian American street gang in the UnitedStates.\"It was comforting,\"he says.\"We weren't into drugs or alcohol.\"They wereinto beinga substitute family.They were also into guns.Sun was involved in ashooting that led to a stint in prison,which led to a GED,some college credits,andsome serious reflection on his future.He left the gang in his mid-twenties.Hisbrothers were not so lucky.Two of them are serving life sentences for murder.  \nThe children of the traumatized have al","cbCaieOxYe9maFKq","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieOxYe9maFKq","pdf",1755359,"English","# The Science of Suffering\n## Cambodian refugees and PTSD prevalence\n## Personal accounts of inherited trauma\n## Families dynamics and transgenerational transmission","[{\"question\":\"What does the article suggest about children inheriting trauma from their parents?\",\"answer\":\"It describes how psychological burdens can carry into the next generation, shaping behavior and inner life through mechanisms such as anxiety, harshness of tone, and unconscious transmission.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does PTSD play in the Cambodian community discussed in the article?\",\"answer\":\"A clinic serving Lowell’s Cambodian population diagnoses most incoming patients with PTSD, and the article emphasizes that the resulting suffering affects both daily functioning and family relationships.\"},{\"question\":\"How do researchers’ views differ from traditional psychiatric explanations in the article?\",\"answer\":\"Traditional views emphasize family dynamics, while newer research points toward a more fundamental, potentially biological psychopathology that may not be resolved simply through conversation or reassurance.\"}]","The Science of Suffering | PDF",23]