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This prospective cross-sectional study evaluated whether quantitative MRI T1 and T2 mapping can identify MHE. Compared with non-MHE patients, MHE showed significantly lower T1 values, while T2 values did not differ. Globus pallidus T1 provided excellent ROC performance and correlated with neuropsychological tests, supporting T1 mapping as an objective non-invasive biomarker for earlier detection and monitoring.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-role-of-quantitative-t1-and-t2-mapping-for-detecting-minimal-hepatic-encephalopathy-in-chronic-hepatic-schistosomiasis-patients/445048/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-role-of-quantitative-t1-and-t2-mapping-for-detecting-minimal-hepatic-encephalopathy-in-chronic-hepatic-schistosomiasis-patients/445048.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"nayy☆","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-08","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the primary goal of this study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting MHE in CHS patients.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were MHE and non-MHE groups assessed?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"MHE was assessed using NCT-A and digit symbol test (DST), and all participants underwent 3.0T MRI with T1 and T2 mapping.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which MRI marker performed better for diagnosing MHE?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Quantitative T1 mapping outperformed T2 mapping; lower T1 values, especially in the globus pallidus, were independently associated with MHE.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},445048,1790969712,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},962090893153,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","OPEN ACCESS  \nCitation: Liu X-F, Wang K-Y, Shi H-F, Li Y, Li X (2026) The role of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting minimal hepatic encephalopathy in chronic hepatic schistosomiasis patients. PLoS One 21(1):  \ne0339588. [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal). pone.0339588  \nEditor: Ghada Abdrabo  \nAbdellatif Elshaarawy, National Research Centre, EGYPT  \nReceived: August 24, 2025  \nAccepted: December 9, 2025  \nPublished: January 6, 2026  \nPeer Review History: PLOS recognizes the benefits of transparency in the peer review process; therefore, we enable the publication of all of the content of peer review and author responses alongside final, published articles. The editorial history of this article is available here: [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal). pone.0339588  \nCopyright: © 2026 Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License,  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nThe role of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting minimal hepatic encephalopathy in chronic hepatic schistosomiasis patients  \nXue-Fei Liu☯, Ke-Ying Wang☯, Hai-Feng Shi☯, Ying Li*, Xin Li*  \nDepartment of Radiology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China  \n☯ These authors contributed equally to this work  \n* [dr.yingli@foxmail.com](dr.yingli@foxmail.com) (YL); [362990170@qq.com](362990170@qq.com) (XL)  \nAbstract  \nBackground  \nMinimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is a frequent neurocognitive complication in chronic hepatic schistosomiasis (CHS) patients. Conventional diagnostic tools are time-consuming and influenced by education level. Quantitative MRI mapping offers a potential non-invasive biomarker for MHE, but its role in CHS remains unclear.  \nAim  \nThis study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting MHE in CHS patients.  \nMethods  \nThis prospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024. A total of 88 CHS patients were enrolled and divided into MHE (n = 50) and non-MHE group (n = 38) . MHE was assessed using the number connection test-A (NCT-A) and digit symbol test (DST) . All participants underwent 3.0T MRI with T1 and T2 mapping. Group comparisons, correlation analyses, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed.  \nResults  \nMHE patients exhibited significantly lower T1 values across multiple brain regions, particularly the globus pallidus (all p \u003C 0.001) . T2 values showed no significant differences between groups. Multivariable regression confirmed that lower T1 values were independently associated with MHE (p = 0.009) . ROC analysis demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance of globus pallidus T1 values (AUC = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86–0.99), with sensitivity of 0.97 and specificity of 0.90. T1 values were also correlated with neuropsychological tests (NCT-A: r = −0 .345, p \u003C 0.001; DST: r = 0.232,  \nPLOS One | [https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339588](https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0339588) January 6, 2026 1 / 12  \nwhich permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.  \nData availability statement: The raw data supporting the conclusions of this article can be found at [https://github.com/jsyyky/MHE](https://github.com/jsyyky/MHE).  \nFunding: This work was supported by Shanghai Jinshan District Science and Technology Committee (2023-WS-07) to Xin Li and by Jinshan Hospital (KYQDJJ202501) and Jinshan District Health Commission (JSZK2023A02) to Hai-Feng Shi.  \nCompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.  \np = 0.029) . However, T2 values showed no significant group differences or diagnostic value.  \nConclusion  \nQuantitative T1 mapping, rather than T2 mapping, could be used as a potential non-invasive biomarker for detecting MHE in CHS patients. This appro","cbCairWAKK0o4mZI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairWAKK0o4mZI","pdf",1063049,12,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Aim\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction\n## Burden and diagnosis of MHE\n## Limitations of psychometric testing\n## Role of paraclinical examinations","[{\"question\":\"What was the primary goal of this study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the diagnostic value of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting MHE in CHS patients.\"},{\"question\":\"How were MHE and non-MHE groups assessed?\",\"answer\":\"MHE was assessed using NCT-A and digit symbol test (DST), and all participants underwent 3.0T MRI with T1 and T2 mapping.\"},{\"question\":\"Which MRI marker performed better for diagnosing MHE?\",\"answer\":\"Quantitative T1 mapping outperformed T2 mapping; lower T1 values, especially in the globus pallidus, were independently associated with MHE.\"}]","The role of quantitative T1 and T2 mapping for detecting minimal hepatic encephalopathy in chronic hepatic schistosomiasis patients | PDF",1790710140]