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However, safer, more affordable, and effective chemoprevention and treatment strategies remain urgently needed. Nutraceuticals, natural food-derived substances, are evaluated as potential alternatives or adjuncts. This review analyzes evidence for omega-3 fatty acids and multiple polyphenols, outlining mechanisms, likely benefits, limits from poor bioavailability, and the need for further safety and efficacy research, with guidance that they should not replace standard care.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-role-of-nutraceuticals-and-functional-foods-in-skin-cancer-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-potential/380170/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-role-of-nutraceuticals-and-functional-foods-in-skin-cancer-mechanisms-and-therapeutic-potential/380170.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"\tCallum ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why are nutraceuticals considered in skin cancer management?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"They may serve as alternatives or adjunctive options for chemoprevention and therapy. The review discusses their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, while noting they should not replace conventional treatment.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which nutraceuticals are reviewed for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The review focuses on omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols including curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein, covering both treatment and prevention evidence.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What limits the effectiveness of these nutraceutical compounds?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Their effectiveness is constrained by poor bioavailability. The review notes that nanoparticles and other delivery systems may improve absorption and targeting.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},380170,1790439985,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},137451211410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000bb0a9246f588df?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786362646172706240","foods   \nReview  \nThe Role of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Skin Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential  \nLucia Peterle 1,†, Serena Sanfilippo 2,†, Francesco Borgia 1, Federica Li Pomi 1, Rossella Vadal 3, Rosaria Costa 3, Nicola Cicero 3,4,* and Sebastiano Gangemi 2  \nCitation: Peterle, L.; Sanfilippo, S.; Borgia, F.; Li Pomi, F.; Vadalà, R.; Costa, R.; Cicero, N.; Gangemi, S. The Role of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Skin Cancer: Mechanismsand Therapeutic Potential. Foods 2023, 12, 2629. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)foods12132629  \nAcademic Editor: Antonio Cilla  \nReceived: 1 June 2023  \nRevised: 3 July 2023  \nAccepted: 5 July 2023  \nPublished: 7 July 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 School and Operative Unit of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; [lucia.peterle@gmail.com](lucia.peterle@gmail.com) (L.P.); [fborgia@unime.it](fborgia@unime.it) (F.B.); [federicalipomi@hotmail.it](federicalipomi@hotmail.it) (F.L.P.)  \n2 School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria-Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy; [sebastiano.gangemi@unime.it](sebastiano.gangemi@unime.it) (S.G.)  \n3 Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy; [rossella.vadala@unime.it](rossella.vadala@unime.it) (R.V.); [costar@unime.it](costar@unime.it) (R.C.)  \n4 Science4life srl, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy  \n* [Correspondence: ncicero@unime.it](Correspondence: ncicero@unime.it)  \n† These authors equally contributed to this work and share the first name.  \nAbstract: Skin cancer is a prevalent type of cancer worldwide and has a high growth rate compared to other diseases. Although modern targeted therapies have improved the management of cutaneous neoplasms, there is an urgent requirement for a safer, more affordable, and effective chemoprevention and treatment strategy for skin cancer. Nutraceuticals, which are natural substances derived from food, have emerged as a potential alternative or adjunctive treatment option. In this review, we explore the current evidence on the use of omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols (curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein) for the treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), as well as in their prevention. We discuss the mechanisms of action of the aforementioned nutraceuticals and their probable therapeutic benefits in skin cancer. Omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein have several properties, among which are anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor, which can help to prevent and treat skin cancer. However, their effectiveness is limited due to poor bioavailability. Nanoparticles and other delivery systems can improve their absorption and targeting. More research is needed to evaluate their safety and effectiveness as a natural approach to skin cancer prevention and treatment. These compounds should not replace conventional cancer treatments, but maybe used as complementary therapy under the guidance of a healthcare professional.  \nKeywords: skin cancer; nutraceuticals; omega-3 fatty acids; polyphenols; isoflavones; melanoma; non-melanoma skin cancer; chemoprevention; skin cancer treatment  \n1. Introduction  \nThe relationship between diet and tumor development is complex and multifaceted. Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that dietary mutagens","cbCaicTIhfl2EUWe","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicTIhfl2EUWe","pdf",759778,17,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Diet, tumor development, and oxidative stress\n## Major skin cancer types and mechanisms\n# Nutraceuticals and therapeutic potential","[{\"question\":\"Why are nutraceuticals considered in skin cancer management?\",\"answer\":\"They may serve as alternatives or adjunctive options for chemoprevention and therapy. The review discusses their potential anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, while noting they should not replace conventional treatment.\"},{\"question\":\"Which nutraceuticals are reviewed for melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer?\",\"answer\":\"The review focuses on omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols including curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, apigenin, resveratrol, and genistein, covering both treatment and prevention evidence.\"},{\"question\":\"What limits the effectiveness of these nutraceutical compounds?\",\"answer\":\"Their effectiveness is constrained by poor bioavailability. The review notes that nanoparticles and other delivery systems may improve absorption and targeting.\"}]","The Role of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods in Skin Cancer - Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential | PDF",1790239096,43]