[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-612044-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-612044-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","the-rise-of-industrial-unions-reading-worksheet","The Rise of Industrial Unions - Reading Worksheet","","“The Rise of Industrial Unions” reading worksheet examines how U.S. industries in the 1920s opposed union growth through “welfare capitalism,” surveillance, strikebreaking, and efforts to block collective bargaining. It explains the “open shop” concept and how the Great Depression initially reduced union membership while mass unemployment spread. The text then describes New Deal changes, including Frances Perkins as Secretary of Labor, the National Labor Relations Act, and major organizing drives led by labor figures and resulting strikes and contracts.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-rise-of-industrial-unions-reading-worksheet/612044/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-rise-of-industrial-unions-reading-worksheet/612044.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Valentina","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"How did mass production industries prevent the growth of unions in the 1920s?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"They used spies and armed strikebreakers, fired workers suspected of union sympathies, and accused independent unions of being Communist. 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Roosevelt.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},612044,1792713028,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,95,100,105,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":26,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":96,"preview_page_count":4},13056703020460,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923","Name:   Date:   Class:    \nThe Rise of Industrial Unions  \n© Student Handouts [www.studenthandouts.com](www.studenthandouts.com)  \nWhile the 1920s were years of relative prosperity in the United States, the workers in industries such as steel, automobiles, rubber, and textiles benefited less than they would later in the years after World War II. Working conditions in many of these industries did improve. Some companies in the 1920s began to institute \"welfare capitalism\" by offering workers various pension, profit-sharing, stock option, and health plans to ensure their loyalty. Still, shop floor environments were often hard and authoritarian.  \nThe 1920s saw the mass production industries redouble their efforts to prevent the growth of unions, which under the American Federation of Labor (AFL) had enjoyed some success during World War I. They did so by using spies and armed strikebreakers and by firing those suspected of union sympathies. Independent unions were often accused of being Communist. At the same time, many companies formed their own compliant employee organizations, often called\"company unions.\"  \n1. How did the mass production industries prevent the growth of unions?  \n_______________________________________________  \n_______________________________________________  \n________________________________________________  \nTraditionally, state legislatures, reflecting the views of the American middle class, supported the concept of the \"open shop,\"which prevented a union from being the exclusive representative of all workers. This made it easier for companies to deny unions  \nthe right to collective bargaining and block unionization through court enforcement.  \n2. What is an open shop?  \n_______________________________________________  \n_______________________________________________  \n_______________________________________________  \nBetween 1920 and 1929, union membership in the United States dropped from about five million to three-and-a-half million. The large unskilled or semi-skilled industries remained unorganized.  \nThe onset of the Great Depression led to widespread unemployment. By 1933 there were over 12 million Americans out of work. In the automobile industry, for example, the workforce was cut in half between 1929 and 1933 . At the same time, wages dropped by twothirds.  \n3. During the early years of the Great Depression, union membership grew.  \na. True  \nb. False  \nThe election of Franklin Roosevelt, however, was to change the status of the American industrial worker forever. The first indication that Roosevelt was interested in the well-being of workers came with the appointment of Frances Perkins, a prominent social welfare advocate, to be his secretary of labor. (Perkins was also the first woman to hold a Cabinet-level position.) The far-reaching National Industrial Recovery Act sought to raise industrial wages, limit the hours in a  \nVisit www.studenthandouts.com for free interactive test-prep games…no log-in required!  \nName:   Date:   Class:    \nwork week, and eliminate child labor. Most importantly, the law recognized the right of employees \"to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing.\"  \n4. What woman was appointed Secretary of Labor by Franklin D. Roosevelt?  \n________________________________________________  \n________________________________________________  \nJohn L. Lewis, the feisty and articulate head of the United Mine Workers (UMW), understood more than any other labor leader what the New Deal meant for workers.  \nStressing Roosevelt's support, Lewis engineered a major unionizing campaign, rebuilding the UMW's declining membership from 150,000 to over 500,000 within a year.  \nLewis was eager to get the AFL, where he was a member of the Executive Council, to launch a similar drive in the mass production industries. But the AFL, with its historic focus on the skilled trade worker, was unwilling todo so. After a bitter internal feud, Lewis and a few othe","cbCaivAe5gHpZCWC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivAe5gHpZCWC","pdf",155757,"English","# The Rise of Industrial Unions\n## Union resistance in the 1920s\n## The open shop and legal barriers\n## Union membership and the Great Depression\n## Roosevelt, Frances Perkins, and New Deal labor rights\n## Labor leadership: John L. Lewis and the CIO\n## UAW sit-down strikes and outcomes\n## SWOC and steel industry organizing","[{\"question\":\"How did mass production industries prevent the growth of unions in the 1920s?\",\"answer\":\"They used spies and armed strikebreakers, fired workers suspected of union sympathies, and accused independent unions of being Communist. Companies also formed compliant “company unions.”\"},{\"question\":\"What is an “open shop,” according to the worksheet?\",\"answer\":\"An open shop prevented a union from being the exclusive representative of all workers. This made it easier for companies to deny unions collective bargaining rights and block unionization through court enforcement.\"},{\"question\":\"Who was appointed Secretary of Labor by Franklin D. Roosevelt?\",\"answer\":\"Frances Perkins was appointed Secretary of Labor by Franklin D. Roosevelt.\"}]","The Rise of Industrial Unions - Reading Worksheet | PDF",1792382685]