[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-83523-en":3,"doc-seo-83523-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},83523,549758146520,"Patrick","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470",8,"Research & Report","The Rise and Fall of Google’s Privacy Sandbox","On October 17, 2025, Google announced the retirement of most Privacy Sandbox APIs, ending nearly five years of experimentation with a privacy-conscious alternative to web tracking. Designed to balance user privacy with advertising functionality and cross-site measurement, the initiative underwent repeated redesigns and suffered from limited ecosystem support. This study provides a longitudinal, consent-aware measurement of API deployment using weekly crawls of the top 10,000 sites and a custom call-listener.","This work has been accepted for publication at ACM CCS 2026. Citation and DOI information will be  \nupdated as soon as they are available.  \nThe Rise and Fall of Google’s Privacy Sandbox  \nRachid Youssef Grib  \nPolitecnico di Torino Torino, Italy  \nrachidyoussef.grib@studenti.polito.it  \nAlberto Verna  \nPolitecnico di Torino Torino, Italy alberto.verna@polito.it  \nNikhilJha Politecnico di Torino  \nTorino, Italy nikhil.jha@polito.it  \nMartino Trevisan University of Trieste  \nTrieste, Italy martino.trevisan@dia.units.it  \nMarco Mellia  \nPolitecnico di Torino Torino, Italy marco.mellia@polito.it  \narXiv :2607 .00693v 1 [ cs .CR] 1 Jul 2026  \nAbstract  \nOn October 17th , 2025, Google announced the retirement of most Privacy Sandbox APIs, concluding nearly five years of experimentation with its alternative to privacy-invasive data collection on the Web. Designed to balance privacy with advertising functionality and cross-site tracking, the initiative faced repeated redesigns and limited ecosystem support.  \nIn this work, we present the first longitudinal, consent-aware measurement of the Privacy Sandbox’s deployment across the Web. Using a custom call listener and weekly crawls of the top-10,000 websites, we monitor the usage of all major APIs in the months preceding their retirement. Adoption had already stagnated well before Google’s announcement: most APIs were used by only a handful of actors, whose activity declined steadily throughout our study. Even the APIs that Google plans to maintain show no sign of growth. The sole exception is Cookies Having Independent Partitioned State (CHIPS) . Overall, the demise of the Privacy Sandbox leaves unresolved the challenge of enabling privacy-preserving interest-based advertising.  \nKeywords  \nWeb privacy, Web measurement, Privacy Sandbox  \nACM Reference Format:  \nRachid Youssef Grib, Alberto Verna, NikhilJha, Martino Trevisan, and Marco Mellia. 2018. The Rise and Fall of Google’s Privacy Sandbox. In Proceedings of ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (ACM CCS ’26) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 14 pages. [https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX](https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX)  \n1 Introduction  \nOnline tracking underpins today’s digital economy by enabling extensive profiling of users based on their behaviour, interests, and browsing patterns. These profiles fuel the targeted advertising ecosystem and sustain much of the content and services available  \nPermission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission [and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org](and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org).  \nACM CCS’26,  \n© 2018 Copyright held by the owner/author(s) . Publication rights licensed to ACM. ACM ISBN 978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YYYY/MM  \n[https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX](https://doi.org/XXXXXXX.XXXXXXX)  \non the Web [49, 61]. However, the traditional mechanisms that support this ecosystem, most notably third-party cookies and browser fingerprinting [12, 55], enable pervasive cross-site tracking, raising long-standing privacy concerns and attracting increasing regulatory scrutiny.  \nIn response, browser vendors have begun deploying countermeasures, including blocking third-party cookies by default [52, 62] and proposing privacy-preserving replacements [4, 7, 13, 14, 27, 51] . These efforts expose a structural tension: while privacy regulation and user expectations increasingly constrain unrestricted tracking, targeted advertising remains a central economic driver of the Web.  \nGoogle’s Privacy San","cbCaiuVDLvkhSAHI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuVDLvkhSAHI","pdf",2311730,4,1,14,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Background: online tracking and privacy concerns\n## Privacy Sandbox goals and architecture\n## Timeline of announcements and reversals\n## Research questions and prior work\n## Study approach and methodology","[{\"question\":\"What did Google announce on October 17, 2025 regarding the Privacy Sandbox?\",\"answer\":\"Google announced the retirement of most Privacy Sandbox APIs, concluding nearly five years of experimentation with its alternative approach to privacy-invasive web data collection.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the study measure Privacy Sandbox API usage across the web?\",\"answer\":\"The work uses a custom call listener and weekly crawls of the top 10,000 websites to monitor usage of major APIs in the months before their retirement.\"},{\"question\":\"What overall conclusion does the study reach about adoption and privacy-preserving advertising?\",\"answer\":\"Adoption largely stagnated before the 2025 announcement, with most APIs used by only a few actors and no growth for the APIs Google plans to maintain; the demise leaves the challenge of enabling privacy-preserving interest-based advertising unresolved.\"}]",1784188604,35,{"code":4,"msg":31,"data":32},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":33,"title":13,"keywords":34,"description":14,"schema_data":35,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":28},"the-rise-and-fall-of-googles-privacy-sandbox","",{"@graph":36,"@context":85},[37,53,68],{"@type":38,"itemListElement":39},"BreadcrumbList",[40,44,48,51],{"item":41,"name":42,"@type":43,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":45,"name":46,"@type":43,"position":47},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":49,"name":12,"@type":43,"position":50},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":52,"name":13,"@type":43,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-rise-and-fall-of-googles-privacy-sandbox/83523/",{"url":52,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":41,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-26","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What did Google announce on October 17, 2025 regarding the Privacy Sandbox?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"Google announced the retirement of most Privacy Sandbox APIs, concluding nearly five years of experimentation with its alternative approach to privacy-invasive web data collection.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"How does the study measure Privacy Sandbox API usage across the web?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"The work uses a custom call listener and weekly crawls of the top 10,000 websites to monitor usage of major APIs in the months before their retirement.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What overall conclusion does the study reach about adoption and privacy-preserving advertising?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"Adoption largely stagnated before the 2025 announcement, with most APIs used by only a few actors and no growth for the APIs Google plans to maintain; the demise leaves the challenge of enabling privacy-preserving interest-based advertising unresolved.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":52,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":52},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,110,115,120,123,128,131,135],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":47,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":46,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]