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With rising numbers of international students and reduced funding, the article evaluates the placement exam process and its fairness, validity, and reliability. A study analyzing Pearson correlation between TOEFL scores and placement exam results from 2007–2011 finds a moderate correlation, suggesting TOEFL scores of 110+ could exempt students from ESL requirements, while scores below 90 indicate the need for ESL courses. It also outlines research questions and discusses how to interpret TOEFL score patterns.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-re-placement-test-using-toefl-for-purposes-of-placement/597896/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-re-placement-test-using-toefl-for-purposes-of-placement/597896.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"SANS","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the article’s main goal regarding TOEFL in ESL placement?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To evaluate whether TOEFL scores can support placement decisions for international graduate students and guide recommendations for the future structure of the placement exam process.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the study find about the relationship between TOEFL and the placement exam?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Results show a moderate correlation between TOEFL scores and university placement exam scores, indicating TOEFL can be informative for placement.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How should institutions interpret TOEFL total scores when making placement decisions?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article explains that a single aggregate score can mask very different skill profiles, since students may vary widely across reading, listening, speaking, and writing even with the same total score. It also notes ETS guidance that admissions decisions should not rely on TOEFL alone.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},597896,1792463101,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090760505,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","The Re-Placement Test: Using TOEFL for Purposes of Placement  \nThis article will consider using TOEFL scores for purposes of placement and advising for international graduate students at a northern California research university. As the number of international students is on the rise and the funds for the graduate ESL program are diminishing, the way in which the university is handling the influx of international students is undergoing substantial changes. One aspect of the system that is gaining attention is the graduate-level ESL placement exam. To find out ifusing TOEFL scores for placement is a viable option, I have looked atthe Pearson r coefficient for TOEFL scoresand university placement exam scores from years 2007-2011. Results from this study show a moderate correlation between the TOEFL and placement exam and suggest that students at this university with TOEFL scores 110 and above should be exempt from any ESL requirement while students with TOEFL scores below 90 need to take ESL courses.  \nIntroduction  \nThe process of language testing, assessment, and placement has  \nbeen closely examined and widely researched (Brown, 1989;  \nKelleher, 2008; Raimes, 1990) . As testing and assessment are grounded upon the idea of validity, fairness, and reliability, I will take these factors into account in examining the TOEFL iBT (Test ofEnglish as a Foreign Language Internet Based Test) and the graduate-level ESL placement exam at a northern California university. The former is a standardized test of monolithic proportion that determines the academic fate of innumerable international students who are pursuing an education in America, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. The graduate-level ESL placement exam (known as “placement exam” from this point) is created at the university department level and serves as a filter to determine which newly admitted international students are required to take an ESL course, and if so, which one.  \nThe CATESOL Journal 27.1 • 2015 • 1  \nThe number of international graduate students attending universities in the US has been steadily increasing over the last decade, and in 2014 the number was nearly 330,000 (Institute of International Education, 2015). This northern California university is no exception, and the increasing number of international students, coupled with the decreasing amount of available funds, is resulting in major changes in the graduate-level ESL program. As a result, the placement exam and the placement process are being reevaluated. According to the university’s catalog, students who are flagged as needing to take the placement exam are those for whom English is not their native language nor their language of previous instruction. As it stands now, these students must take the placement exam in the weeks before the beginning of the fall quarter. In this time-sensitive period of shuffling around schedules and getting acquainted with a new lifestyle, each student must be prepared for potentially not passing the placement exam and having to sign up for an extra class. Some students strategically sign up for the graduate-level ESL class preemptively, which results in classes that are overenrolled and with students placed on the wait list. This all makes for a hectic, often confusing beginning to the academic year. In this article, the literature review will address the interpretation of the TOEFL scores, its history, format, and characteristics. I will then address the following research questions:  \n1. How well do TOEFL scores correlate with the ESL placement exam scores?  \n2. How well do the TOEFL subset scores correlate with the placement exam?  \n3. How well do the placement exam subset scores correlate with the total ESL placement exam?  \n4. How well do the ESL placement subset scores correlate with each other?  \n5. How well do the subset scores of the TOEFL correlate with the subset scores ofthe placement exam?  \nI hope that answers to these questions will aid in maki","cbCaipIMgapeCEMZ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaipIMgapeCEMZ","pdf",984718,26,"English","# Introduction\n## TOEFL as a placement tool\n## Research questions\n# How to Interpret TOEFL Scores\n## Score meaning and limitations\n## ETS guidance and institutional use","[{\"question\":\"What is the article’s main goal regarding TOEFL in ESL placement?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate whether TOEFL scores can support placement decisions for international graduate students and guide recommendations for the future structure of the placement exam process.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the study find about the relationship between TOEFL and the placement exam?\",\"answer\":\"Results show a moderate correlation between TOEFL scores and university placement exam scores, indicating TOEFL can be informative for placement.\"},{\"question\":\"How should institutions interpret TOEFL total scores when making placement decisions?\",\"answer\":\"The article explains that a single aggregate score can mask very different skill profiles, since students may vary widely across reading, listening, speaking, and writing even with the same total score. It also notes ETS guidance that admissions decisions should not rely on TOEFL alone.\"}]","The Re-Placement Test - Using TOEFL for Purposes of Placement | PDF",1792085904,66]