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It examines how Spanish-born Mexican painter Remedios Varo represents artist figures as seers engaged in creative processes aligned with mystical teachings. Analysis connects Varo’s imagery to Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff’s esoteric aesthetics as recorded by Ouspensky, revealing a neglected postsecular path within surrealism’s history.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-re-enchantment-of-surrealism-remedios-varos-visionary-artists/136221/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-re-enchantment-of-surrealism-remedios-varos-visionary-artists/136221.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Caleb Sterling","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-18","2026-08-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What continuity does the article claim between Symbolism and surrealism?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It argues there is continuity between the spiritual dimension established by Symbolists and the visionary power asserted by renegade surrealists.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the article interpret Remedios Varo’s subject matter?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It presents Varo’s recurring artist-figures as seers whose creative processes symbolically align with mystical teachings and hermetic tradition.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which esoteric framework is used to analyze surrealism in the article?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article relates Varo’s visionary representations to Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff’s esoteric aesthetics, as recorded in Peter Ouspensky’s In Search of the Miraculous.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},136221,1787362359,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":36,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143},962084925290,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","The Re-Enchantment of Surrealism  \nO'Rawe, R. (2018) . The Re-Enchantment of Surrealism: Remedios Varo’s Visionary Artists. Bulletin of Spanish Studies: Hispanic Studies and Researches on Spain, Portugal and Latin America, 95(5), 533-561.  \n[https://doi.org/10.1080/14753820.2018.1497346](https://doi.org/10.1080/14753820.2018.1497346)  \nPublished in:  \nBulletin of Spanish Studies: Hispanic Studies and Researches on Spain, Portugal and Latin America  \nDocument Version:  \nPeer reviewed version  \nQueen's University Belfast-Research Portal:  \nLink to publication record in Queen's University Belfast Research Portal  \nPublisher rights  \n© 2017 Bulletin of Spanish Studies.This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.  \nGeneral rights  \nCopyright for the publications made accessible via the Queen's University Belfast Research Portal is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.  \nTake down policy  \nThe Research Portal is Queen's institutional repository that provides access to Queen's research output. Every effort has been made to ensure that content in the Research Portal does not infringe any person's rights, or applicable UK laws. If you discover content in the Research Portal that you believe breaches copyright or violates any law, [please contact openaccess@qub.ac.uk](please contact openaccess@qub.ac.uk).  \nOpen Access  \nThis research has been made openly available by Queen's academics and its Open Research team. We would love to hear how access to this research benefits you.– Share your feedback with us: [http://go.qub.ac.uk/oa-feedback](http://go.qub.ac.uk/oa-feedback)  \n[Download date:22. Aug. 2026](Download date:22. Aug. 2026)  \nThe Re-Enchantment of Surrealism:  \nRemedios Varo’s Visionary Artists  \nRICKI O´RAWE  \nQueen’s University Belfast  \nAbstract  \nThe visionary prowess of the artist was established, in both the visual and verbal arts, by the Symbolists in fin de siècle France. This article asserts a continuity between the avowed spiritual dimension of their work and the visionary power of surrealist art asserted—despite strong resistance from the centre—by a group of renegade surrealists in the 1920s and beyond. To do so, it explores the representations of artists that Spanish-born Mexican painter Remedios Varo (1908- 1963) depicts in her work, demonstrating how they might be better understood when analysed in relation to Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff’s (1866?-1949) esoteric aesthetics. In doing so, it reveals a neglected, postsecular trajectory in the history of surrealism.  \nKeywords  \nRemedios Varo; Surrealism; Mysticism; Le Grand Jeu; Gurdjieff; Ouspensky; Modernity; Western Esotericism  \nThe artist's powers as a seer, as someone who could see or percieve beyond the ordinary was reinvigorated, in both the visual and verbal arts, by the Symbolists in fin de siècle France. 1 This article argues that there is a continuity between the avowed spiritual dimension of their work and the visionary power of surrealist art asserted—despite strong resistance from the centre—by a group of renegade  \n1 See, for example, Odilon Redon’s 1879 lithograph, Divine Omniscience, in which the artist uncoversan aspect of reality normally left unseen.  \nsurrealists in the 1920s and beyond. 2 In particular, it explores the teachings of Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff (1866?-1949)—as recorded in Peter Demianovich Ouspensky’s (1878-1947) official account In Search of the Miraculous: Fragments of an Unknown Teaching (1949)—in order to shed new light on the diversification of surrealism in the 1940s and to offer a new understanding of how creative practice could be invested with spiritual significance.3 The work of the Spanish-born Mexican painter Remedios Varo (1908-1963) is an excellent example of how t","cbCaijOo0cxnDWLN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaijOo0cxnDWLN","pdf",626305,"English","# Abstract\n## Symbolism and visionary power\n## Renegade surrealists in the 1920s and beyond\n## Remedios Varo’s representations of artist-seers\n## Gurdjieff’s esoteric aesthetics and Ouspensky’s account\n## Postsecular trajectory in surrealism","[{\"question\":\"What continuity does the article claim between Symbolism and surrealism?\",\"answer\":\"It argues there is continuity between the spiritual dimension established by Symbolists and the visionary power asserted by renegade surrealists.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the article interpret Remedios Varo’s subject matter?\",\"answer\":\"It presents Varo’s recurring artist-figures as seers whose creative processes symbolically align with mystical teachings and hermetic tradition.\"},{\"question\":\"Which esoteric framework is used to analyze surrealism in the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article relates Varo’s visionary representations to Georges Ivanovich Gurdjieff’s esoteric aesthetics, as recorded in Peter Ouspensky’s In Search of the Miraculous.\"}]","The Re-Enchantment of Surrealism - Remedios Varo’s Visionary Artists | PDF",101]