[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40762-en":3,"doc-seo-40762-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},40762,2336464648746,"Skyler","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","The Polycentric Soviet Economy","The paper develops a theoretical framework for understanding the Soviet economy as polycentric rather than purely centrally planned, while incorporating how original socialist aspirations shaped real economic operations. It contrasts socialist expectations—such as the end of commodity production and market relations—with the organizational reality of hierarchical coordination. Drawing on arguments associated with Lenin, Marx, and Mises, it discusses why socialist planning replaces market mechanisms with hierarchy and planning-based value concepts, and it frames the key issue as an organizational problem.","The Booth School of Business,University of Chicago                   \nThe Polycentric Soviet EconomyAuthor(s):Paul Craig Roberts  \nSource:The Journal of Law &Economics,Vol.12,No.1(Apr.,1969),pp.163-179Published by:The University of Chicago Press for The Booth School of Business,University of Chicago and The University of Chicago Law SchoolStable URL:http://www.jstor.org/stable/724984Accessed:18-09-201604:18 UTC  \n# REFERENCES\n\nLinked references are available on JSTOR for this article:  \nhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/724984?seq=1&cid=pdf-reference\\#references_tab_contentsYou may need to log in to JSTOR to access the linked references.  \nJSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars,reseearchers,and students discover,use,and build upon a wide range of content in a trusteddigital archive.We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship.For more information aboutJSTOR,please contact support@jstor.org.  \nYour use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms &Conditions of Use,available athttp://about.jstor.org/terms  \nThe University of Chicago Press,The University of Chicago Law School,The BoothSchool of Business,University of Chicago are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize,preserve andextend access to The Journal of Law &Economics  \n# THE POLYCENTRIC SOVIET ECONOMY*\n\nPAUL CRAIG ROBERTSVirginia Polytechnic Institute  \nTHE primary purpose of this paper is to sugest a theoretical frameworkthat permits the Soviet economy to be understood not as a centrally plannedone and at the same time acknowledges the impact made upon the actualoperation of that economy by the original aspirations of socialism.  \n# THE ORIGINAL SoCIALIST INTENTION AND THENATURE OF THE PROBLEM\n\nThe deepest hopes and aspirations of socialism were reflected in hierarchicalorganization of the economy.“The market itself will cease to exist.”1 AsLenin put it:“The whole of society will have become one office and onefactory...”In a system of market organization,the relations between menare expressed as relations between things,and\"the process of production hasthe mastery over man,instead of being controlled by him.”3 To revolutionarysocialists,commodity production,by which is meant the production ofproducts for exchange on the impersonal market(as opposed to productionfor direct use by an individual,a family or community),manifested theeconomic relationships and reflected the economic organization they wished  \n*This article is in part based on a paper,Oskar Lange,Hierarchy,Polycentricity andthe Soviet Economy,presented at the Southern Economic Association's annual conferencein November,1967.This paper was published in translation by the Czechoslovak Academyof Sciences in Vedecke Informace,3-4,1968,pp.113-144.The basic ideas are set out inmy Ph.D.dissertation,An Administrative Analysis of Oskar Lange's Theory of SocialistPlanning,University of Virginia,June,1967.  \nI am indebted to seminal,though neglected,ideas expressed by Michael Polanyi inThe Logic of Liberty,(1951)and Soviet Survey,Oct.-Dec.1960,at 90 and wish toacknowledge the constructive criticisms given by James M.Buchanan and M.A.Stephen-son of prior drafts.  \nThe term“polycentric”as applied to an economic system was first introduced byMichael Polanyi.Since then the term has been applied in a different sense to Sovietaffairs in describing the relationship between the semi-independent members of the Sovietbloc.My use of the term is Polanyian.  \n1N.Bukharin,The Economics of the Transitional Period,as cited by Adam Kauf-man,The Origin of the Political Economy of Socialism,4 Soviet Studies 243,245(1953).2V.I.Lenin,State and Revolution 84(1932).  \n3 Karl Marx,Capital 93(Modern Library ed.of book one of the German versionedited by F.Engels;New York:1906).  \nto overthrow.The socialist program was the elimination of commodityproduction and all its effects.4  \nThe matter of socialist planning is properly an organizational one,and,with regard to ","cbCaiiCzb6ICJV5k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiCzb6ICJV5k","pdf",2161524,1,18,"English","en",105,"# The Polycentric Soviet Economy\n## The Original Socialist Intention and the Nature of the Problem","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of this paper?\",\"answer\":\"To propose a theoretical framework that explains the Soviet economy without treating it as simply centrally planned, while accounting for the influence of socialist aspirations on its actual operation.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper describe socialist goals regarding commodity production and markets?\",\"answer\":\"It highlights socialism’s deepest hopes as reflected in replacing market relations, expressed through the idea that “the market itself will cease to exist” and that society becomes one coordinated office and factory structure.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper argue that socialist planning changes economic organization?\",\"answer\":\"It treats socialist planning as organizational: replacing market relations with hierarchical organization and shifting from theories of value tied to markets to theories of planning that guide priorities and resource 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