[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40198-en":3,"doc-seo-40198-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},40198,1374391974585,"Genevieve","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c",8,"Research & Report","The Politics of Torture","The Politics of Torture by Tracy Lightcap examines how torture moves from informal practice to official government policy, focusing on comparative cases across the United States and the Soviet Union. Using historical and institutional analysis, the book explores mechanisms that enable torture, how crises and opportunities shape policy, and how leadership projects influence interrogation practices. It also investigates specific failures and contrasts interrogation techniques across time periods, drawing connections between the War on Terror era and earlier Soviet approaches.","ight material [from www.palgraveconnect.com-licensed to McGill University-PalgraveConnect-2011-09-0](from www.palgraveconnect.com-licensed to McGill University-PalgraveConnect-2011-09-0)  \nThe Politics of Torture  \nThe Politics of Torture  \nTracy Lightcap  \nTHE POLITICS OF TORTURE  \nCopyright © Tracy Lightcap, 2011.  \nAll rights reserved.  \nFirst published in 2011 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®  \nin the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.  \nWhere this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.  \nPalgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world.  \nPalgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.  \nISBN: 978–0–230–11377–0  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lightcap, Tracy, 1946–  \nThe politics of torture / Tracy Lightcap.  \n[p. cm](p. cm).  \nISBN 978–0–230–11377–0 (hbk. : alk. paper)  \n1. Torture—Political aspects—Case studies. 2. Torture—Government policy—United States. 3. Prisoners of war—Abuse of—United States.  \n4. War on Terrorism, 2001–2009. 5. Torture—Government policy—Soviet Union. 6. Political prisoners—Abuse of—Soviet Union. 7. Soviet Union—Politics and government—1936–1953. 8. Mexican War, 1846–1848—Prisoners and prisons, American. 9. Torture—Government policy—United States—History—19th century. I. Title.  \nHV8693. L54 2010  \n364.6 􀀁 7—dc22 2011005462 A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.  \nDesign by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: August 2011  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nContents  \nList of Tables and Figure vii  \nPreface ix  \nList of Abbreviations xi  \n1 Introduction 1  \n2 Questions, Designs, and Mechanisms 11  \nAppendix: Methods Used for Table 2.1 34  \n3 Crisis and Opportunity in the United States and  \nthe Soviet Union 37  \n4 Torture: From Informal Institution to Official Policy 73  \n5 The Mechanism Fails: The United States and  \nthe Mexican War 101  \n6 Torture and Leadership Projects 127  \nAppendix: Personality and Leadership 143  \n7 Conclusions 147  \nNotes 163  \nBibliography 183  \nIndex 203  \nList of Tables and Figure  \nTables  \n2.1 Comparison of interrogation techniques in the Soviet Union, 1937–38, and the United States, 2002–06  \n2.2 Comparative System Characteristics: The United States 2002–06, the Soviet Union 1937–38, and the  \nUnited States 1845–48  \nFigure  \n2.1 Mechanisms for the Official Establishment of Torture  \n18  \n32  \n31  \nPreface  \nAs J. R. R. Tolkein once said, “The tale grew with the telling.” This book began with reports in the press concerning the so-called “lap dance interrogation” outlined in the Schmidt—Furlow Report (Schmidt and Furlow 2005) concerning FBI allegations of abuses in interrogations of detainees at Guantanamo Bay prison. The stories told of female military intelligence interrogators questioning detainees in their t-shirts and using close physical contact, among other techniques, to upset the detainees’ concentration during interrogation (Schmidt and Furlow 2005). As might be expected, this technique elicited a strong reaction from the strictly religious Muslim males they were questioning. The stories reminded me of something similar I had read and I soon trackedit down: it was Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s account of a similar interrogation by a female NKVD officer during the Stalinist Terror (Solzhenitsyn 1973). It was a short step, fueled by curiosity alone, that led to the comparisons in table 2.1 of this book and then to an attempt to explain the similarities in techniques used during the War on Terror to those used by the NKVD so much earlier. Many years and much reading a","cbCaictPIpnFKiSH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaictPIpnFKiSH","pdf",2351600,6,1,245,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n# Introduction\n# Questions, Designs, and Mechanisms\n# Crisis and Opportunity in the United States and the Soviet Union\n# Torture: From Informal Institution to Official Policy\n# The Mechanism Fails: The United States and the Mexican War\n# Torture and Leadership Projects\n# Conclusions\n# Notes\n# Bibliography\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the central focus of The Politics of Torture?\",\"answer\":\"The book focuses on how torture becomes politically institutionalized, tracing the shift from informal practice to official policy and examining the mechanisms that make torture possible in different contexts.\"},{\"question\":\"Which countries and time periods does the book compare?\",\"answer\":\"It compares the United States and the Soviet Union, including discussion of interrogation practices during the War on Terror period and earlier Soviet approaches.\"},{\"question\":\"How does leadership factor into the analysis of torture policies?\",\"answer\":\"The book includes a dedicated section on how torture and leadership projects interact, indicating that leadership initiatives and authority structures shape interrogation practices and policy 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