[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-602165-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-602165-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","the-politics-of-school-reopening-during-covid-19-a-multiple-case-study-of-five-urban-districts-in-the-202021-school-year","The Politics of School Reopening During COVID-19 - A Multiple Case Study of Five Urban Districts in the 2020–21 School Year","","Nearly all schools in the United States closed in spring 2020 at the onset of COVID-19. The study analyzes how traditional public and charter schools reopened during the 2020–21 school year across five urban districts, explaining how and why educational leaders made reopening decisions. Data come from a multiple-case study (March 2020–July 2021) using 56 interviews, public sources, and additional parent/guardian interview data. Qualitative coding and single- and cross-case analyses show reopening shaped by public health guidance, stakeholder interests, and local political dynamics.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-politics-of-school-reopening-during-covid-19-a-multiple-case-study-of-five-urban-districts-in-the-202021-school-year/602165/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-politics-of-school-reopening-during-covid-19-a-multiple-case-study-of-five-urban-districts-in-the-202021-school-year/602165.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"acoobca","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",7,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the study’s main purpose regarding school reopening during COVID-19?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To analyze how and why educational leaders in five urban districts decided to reopen traditional public and charter schools during the 2020–21 school year.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"What research methods were used in the multiple-case study?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The study used multiple-case data from March 2020 to July 2021, including 56 interviews with school and district/system leaders, triangulation with publicly available data, and interviews with subsamples of parents and guardians.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Which factors influenced reopening decisions according to the findings?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Educational leaders consulted public health authorities, accounted for state guidance, and responded to stakeholders. Reopening was also influenced by adherence to public health guidance, union–district relations, labor market dynamics, and local institutional conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},602165,1792165195,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870733,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","The Politics of School Reopening During COVID-19: A Multiple Case Study of Five Urban Districts in the 2020–21 School Year  \nEducational Administration Quarterly 2023, Vol. 59(3) 542–593 © The Author(s) 2023  \nArticle reuse guidelines:  \n[sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)DOI: 10.1177/0013161X231168397 [journals.sagepub.com/home/eaq](journals.sagepub.com/home/eaq)  \nJeremy Singer 1 , Julie A. Marsh2, David Menefee-Libey3, Jacob Alonso2, Dwuana Bradley2, and Hanora Tracy4  \nAbstract  \nPurpose: Nearly all schools in the United States closed in spring 2020, atthe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyze traditional public and charter school reopenings for the 2020–21 school year in five urban districts. We provide a rich and theoretically grounded description of how and why educational leaders made reopening decisions in each of our case districts. Research Methods: We used data from a multiple-case study from March 2020 to July 2021. The research team conducted 56 interviews with school, district, and system-level leaders; triangulated with publicly available data; and also drew on interview data from a subsample of parents and guardians in each of our sites. We analyzed these data through qualitative coding and memo writing and conducted detailed single-and cross-case analyses. Findings: School system leaders in our case sites generally  \n1 Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA 2University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 3Pomona College, Claremont, CA, USA  \n4Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA  \nCorresponding Author:  \nJeremy Singer, Michigan State University, 620 Farm Ln \\#134, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.  \nEmail: jeremylsinger@gmai[l.com](l.com)  \nconsulted public health authorities, accounted for state-level health and educational guidance, and engaged with and were responsive to the interests of different stakeholders. Districts’ adherence to and strategic uses of public health guidance, as well as a combination of union-district relations and labor market dynamics, influenced reopening. Parents, city, and state lawmakers, and local institutional conditions also played a role, helping to explain differences across cases. Implications: In contrast to the “politics or science” framing that has dominated research and public discourse on school reopening, we show that local pandemic conditions and local political dynamics both mattered and in fact were interrelated. Our findings have some implications for how educational leaders might navigate future crises.  \nKeywords  \nCOVID-19, school reopening, school closures, educational leadership, multiple case study  \nIntroduction  \nNearly all schools in the United States closed and ceased in-person learning in spring 2020, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (Grossmannet al., 2021) . For the 2020–21 school year, educational leaders needed to decide when and how to “reopen” their schools, or reintroduce in-person learning options. These decisions were politically and ethically difficult, as leaders weighed the social, emotional, and academic consequences for students along with the health threat to students, parents, educators, and the community at large (Freidus & Turner, 2022) .1 So, how did educational leaders decide when and how to reopen their schools, and what factors influenced their decisions? An initial wave of research has identified how COVID-19 rates and a number of political and demographic factors are associated with reopening status. Yet the existing studies offer limited descriptions ofthe process of reopening and limited explanations for how various factors (e.g., COVID-19 rates, partisanship, union strength, demographics) led to reopening decisions (Singer, 2022) . This makes interpretations of existing findings on school reopening during the pandemic less clear and limits their usefulness for informing educational decision-making in future crises.  \nIn this study, we exam","cbCaivTlSvTTwZr5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivTlSvTTwZr5","pdf",1023784,52,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Research Methods\n## Findings\n## Implications\n# Introduction\n## Research questions\n## Key findings","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main purpose regarding school reopening during COVID-19?\",\"answer\":\"To analyze how and why educational leaders in five urban districts decided to reopen traditional public and charter schools during the 2020–21 school year.\"},{\"question\":\"What research methods were used in the multiple-case study?\",\"answer\":\"The study used multiple-case data from March 2020 to July 2021, including 56 interviews with school and district/system leaders, triangulation with publicly available data, and interviews with subsamples of parents and guardians.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors influenced reopening decisions according to the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Educational leaders consulted public health authorities, accounted for state guidance, and responded to stakeholders. Reopening was also influenced by adherence to public health guidance, union–district relations, labor market dynamics, and local institutional conditions.\"}]","The Politics of School Reopening During COVID-19 - A Multiple Case Study of Five Urban Districts in the 2020–21 School Year | PDF",1792094147,131]