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LACTB contains a conserved PBP-βLs domain and an SXXK catalytic motif and can polymerize into filaments, enabling it to influence mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity. Through effects on lipid metabolism, LACTB indirectly modulates cellular proliferation. Its expression and functions vary by cancer type, showing dual roles as tumor suppressor and oncogene, and reduced expression correlates with poor outcomes in cancers including breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. The review links specific mutations and regulatory mechanisms to oncogenic activity in osteosarcoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma and details LACTB’s mechanistic control of mitochondrial dynamics, EMT, and cell death pathways. Overall, LACTB is presented as a promising therapeutic target supporting precision oncology strategies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-pivotal-role-of-lactb-in-the-process-of-cancer-development/367144/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-pivotal-role-of-lactb-in-the-process-of-cancer-development/367144.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Hazel","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What makes LACTB distinct in cancer biology?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"LACTB is a mitochondrial serine β-lactamase-like protein with a conserved PBP-βLs domain and an SXXK catalytic motif. Unlike prokaryotic homologs, it can polymerize into long filaments, affecting mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does LACTB influence cancer progression?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"LACTB modulates mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity, impacting lipid metabolism and indirectly influencing cellular proliferation. Mechanistically, it regulates mitochondrial dynamics, EMT, and cell death pathways.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Does LACTB act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"LACTB shows cancer-type-specific duality. Decreased LACTB expression is linked to poor outcomes in cancers such as breast, lung, and colorectal cancer, while in cancers like osteosarcoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, specific mutations and regulatory mechanisms associate it with oncogenic activity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},367144,1790342299,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},137441390410,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2000252f4ab5702993?_k=1776741390130283984","Review  \nThe Pivotal Role of LACTB in the Process of Cancer Development  \nMinghui Zhang 1,2, Bowen Wu 1,2 and Jinke Gu 1, *  \nAcademic Editor: Athanasios G. Papavassiliou  \nReceived: 8 December 2024  \nRevised: 28 January 2025  \nAccepted: 28 January 2025  \nPublished: 1 February 2025  \nCitation: Zhang, M.; Wu, B.; Gu, J. The Pivotal Role of LACTBin the Process of Cancer Development. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 1279. [https://](https://)[ ](https://)[doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031279](doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031279)  \n[Copyright:](Copyright:) © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://creativecommons.org/](https://creativecommons.org/)[ ](https://creativecommons.org/)[licenses/by/4.0/](licenses/by/4.0/)) .  \n1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Genome Instability and Human Disease Prevention, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518055, China; [zhangmh@szu.edu.cn](zhangmh@szu.edu.cn) (M.Z.); [wubowen@szu.edu.cn](wubowen@szu.edu.cn) (B.W.)  \n2 Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China  \n* Correspondence: [gujinke@szu.edu.cn](gujinke@szu.edu.cn); Tel.: +86-138-1043-2596  \nAbstract: The mitochondrial serine β-lactamase-like protein LACTB has emerged as a critical regulator in cancer biology, distinguished by its unique structural and functional attributes. Defined by its conserved penicillin-binding proteins and β-lactamases (PBP-βLs) domain and SXXK catalytic motif, LACTB demonstrates properties distinct from its prokaryotic homologs, including the ability to polymerize into filaments. These structural characteristics enable LACTB to modulate mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity, influencing lipid metabolism and indirectly affecting cellular proliferation. Importantly, the expression and functional roles of LACTB exhibit cancer-type-specific variation, underscoring its dual function as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene. Decreased LACTB expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and colorectal cancer, while specific mutations and regulatory mechanisms have been linked to its oncogenic activity in osteosarcoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Mechanistically, LACTB regulates key processes in cancer progression, including mitochondrial dynamics, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and cell death pathways. This duality highlights LACTB as a promising therapeutic target and underscores its relevance in advancing precision oncology strategies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of expression level, structure–function relationships, and the diverse roles of LACTB in oncogenesis, underscoring its promise as a focal point for precision cancer therapies.  \nKeywords: LACTB; cancer research; tumor suppression; oncogene; structure-function relationship; therapeutic target  \n1. Introduction  \nThe serine beta-lactamase-like protein LACTB is a mammalian mitochondrial serine proteinase recognized for hydrolyzing peptide bonds following aspartic acid residues [1]. Beyond its signal peptide, LACTB contains conserved penicillin-binding proteins and β-lactamases (PBP-βLs) domain, which shares high homology with the prokaryotic PBP-βLs family, and features a distinct middle region. Unlike its prokaryotic homologs, LACTB polymerizes into long filaments, a structural feature believed to facilitate mitochondrial membrane organization and micro-compartmentalization [2,3]. This filamentous formation significantly influences both the enzymatic activity of LACTB and its membrane interactions. LACTB is involved in several critical biolo","cbCaicsUYCBxoavX","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicsUYCBxoavX","pdf",5043605,"English","# Introduction\n# Expression Level of the LACTB in Different Cancers","[{\"question\":\"What makes LACTB distinct in cancer biology?\",\"answer\":\"LACTB is a mitochondrial serine β-lactamase-like protein with a conserved PBP-βLs domain and an SXXK catalytic motif. Unlike prokaryotic homologs, it can polymerize into long filaments, affecting mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity.\"},{\"question\":\"How does LACTB influence cancer progression?\",\"answer\":\"LACTB modulates mitochondrial organization and enzymatic activity, impacting lipid metabolism and indirectly influencing cellular proliferation. Mechanistically, it regulates mitochondrial dynamics, EMT, and cell death pathways.\"},{\"question\":\"Does LACTB act as a tumor suppressor or an oncogene?\",\"answer\":\"LACTB shows cancer-type-specific duality. Decreased LACTB expression is linked to poor outcomes in cancers such as breast, lung, and colorectal cancer, while in cancers like osteosarcoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, specific mutations and regulatory mechanisms associate it with oncogenic activity.\"}]","The Pivotal Role of LACTB in the Process of Cancer Development | PDF",1790169456,48]