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Using Hajer’s (1997) argumentative discourse theory, it analyzes 159 texts produced since 1996 to identify two competing discourse coalitions: one framing fundraising as “fund-the-basics,” and another arguing it is necessary and desirable. Findings show the latter coalition’s dominance through patterns of institutionalization shaped by the policy context. The study also evaluates the usefulness of argumentative discourse analysis for education policy research and advocacy-related media change.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-normalization-of-school-fundraising-in-ontario-an-argumentative-discourse-analysis/596687/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-normalization-of-school-fundraising-in-ontario-an-argumentative-discourse-analysis/596687.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Muffet","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of the study on school fundraising in Ontario?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study investigates how school fundraising becomes normalized in Ontario despite resistance over the past two decades.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What theoretical approach and method does the article use?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It applies Hajer’s (1997) argumentative discourse theory and uses argumentative discursive analysis (ADA) to analyze arguments across texts.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which discourse coalitions are compared, and what is the outcome?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The analysis compares the “fund-the-basics” coalition and the “fundraising-is-necessary-and-desirable” coalition, finding that the latter’s argument becomes dominant and institutionalized.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},596687,1792188499,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090768927,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","THE NORMALIZATION OF SCHOOL FUNDRAISING IN ONTARIO:  \nAN ARGUMENTATIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS  \nSue Winton, York University  \nFundraising is common in Canada’s public schools despite objections from some parents, educators, and other citizens who argue that the practice perpetuates inequities between schools and communities. In this article I first situate school fundraising in North America within its broader socio-historical contexts. I then describe Hajer’s (1997) argumentative discourse theory that grounds my  \ninvestigation of the struggle over fundraising policy that has taken place in  \nOntario over the past 20 years. Drawing on findings from an argumentative discursive analysis of 159 texts produced since 1996, I present the arguments (i.e., the story lines) of two discourse coalitions that have engaged in the struggle over the meaning of school fundraising: the fund-the-basics coalition and the fundraising-is-necessary-and-desirable coalition. I demonstrate the dominance of the fundraising-is-necessary-and-desirable coalition’s argument by showing diverse ways the practice has become institutionalized and highlight aspects of the policy context that have contributed to the normalization of school fundraising.  \nFinally, I conclude with a discussion of the utility of Hajer’s argumentative  \ndiscourse theory and analysis in education policy research and highlight  \ncontributions of the current study to understanding of advocacy, media, and  \neducation policy change.  \nPizza lunches, a family karaoke night, sales of hats, water bottles, and hockey tickets—these are only a handful of the fundraising initiatives undertaken at my local elementary school in the past few months. Are these initiatives cause for concern or simply strategies for bringing the community together, showing school pride, or enriching students’ school experiences? While fundraising may include efforts to raise money for charitable purposes or from corporate donors and partnerships, in this article I focus on fundraising activities that aim to generate  \nprivate funds from members of schools’ local communities to augment public funding of schools. Public schools in Ontario are generating more private funds than ever before (People for Education [P4E], 2015; Winsa, 2015), yet resistance to school fundraising has accompanied its growth over the past 20 years. In this article I present findings from an empirical study of arguments mobilized by diverse actors in the struggle over school fundraising policy that has taken place in the province since 1996. The findings demonstrate that despite efforts to construct it otherwise, school fundraising is enacted as a practice that is both necessary and desirable in many communities.  \nIn this article I first situate school fundraising within the broader context of neoliberalism and briefly review existing scholarship on fundraising. I then describe Hajer’s (1997) argumentative discourse theory that grounds the study, present the study’s data sources, and explain the method of analysis, argumentative discourse analysis (ADA). Next, I present the arguments (i.e., story lines) of two discursive coalitions that have engaged in the struggle over the meaning of school fundraising: the fund-the-basics coalition and the fundraising-isnecessary-and-desirable coalition. I show how school fundraising has become institutionalized and highlight aspects of the policy context that have contributed to the normalization of this practice. I conclude with a discussion of the utility of Hajer’s argumentative discourse theory and ADA in education policy research and highlight contributions of the current study to understanding of advocacy, media, and education policy change.  \nContexts of Increased School Fundraising  \nSchool fundraising, while not new, has increased over the past 20 years in Ontario and beyond. Its growth both reflects and is driven by neoliberal discourses dominant in many  \ncountries across the world, including Canada ","cbCaiu2sb4QUkz6k","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiu2sb4QUkz6k","pdf",472732,32,"English","# Introduction\n# Contexts of Increased School Fundraising\n## Neoliberalism and Privatization in Education\n## Ontario Policy Shifts Since the 1990s\n# Methodology and Theoretical Framework\n## Hajer’s Argumentative Discourse Theory\n## Data and Method: Argumentative Discursive Analysis (ADA)\n# Findings: Discourse Coalitions and Normalization\n## Fund-the-Basics Coalition\n## Fundraising-Is-Necessary-and-Desirable Coalition\n# Conclusion\n## Utility of ADA in Education Policy Research","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the study on school fundraising in Ontario?\",\"answer\":\"The study investigates how school fundraising becomes normalized in Ontario despite resistance over the past two decades.\"},{\"question\":\"What theoretical approach and method does the article use?\",\"answer\":\"It applies Hajer’s (1997) argumentative discourse theory and uses argumentative discursive analysis (ADA) to analyze arguments across texts.\"},{\"question\":\"Which discourse coalitions are compared, and what is the outcome?\",\"answer\":\"The analysis compares the “fund-the-basics” coalition and the “fundraising-is-necessary-and-desirable” coalition, finding that the latter’s argument becomes dominant and institutionalized.\"}]","THE NORMALIZATION OF SCHOOL FUNDRAISING IN ONTARIO - AN ARGUMENTATIVE DISCOURSE ANALYSIS | PDF",1792083531,81]