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It explains oil’s role beyond transportation, citing everyday products that rely on oil-based materials. The work also describes how crude oil is found in underground reservoirs, processed into petroleum products, and why oil production is costly and difficult to stop. 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NEEDFORO \n\nCory Gunderson  \nBoston Publlc LIbraryBoston,MA 02116  \nJ 9  \n云瓶NEEDFOPO工Z  \nBy Cory Gunderson  \nViS1T US ATWWW。ABDOPUB.COM  \nPublished by ABDO &Daughters,an imprint of ABDO PublishingCompany,4940 Viking Drive,Suite 622,Edina,Minnesota 55435.Copyright C2004 by Abdo Consulting Group,Inc.Internationalcopyrights reserved in all countries.No part of this book may bereproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher.  \nPrinted in the United States.  \nEdited by:Sheila Rivera  \nContributing Editors:Paul Joseph,Chris Schafer  \nGraphic Design:Arturo Leyva,David Bullen  \nCover Design:Castaneda Dunham,Inc.  \nPhotos:Corbis  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nGunderson,Cory Gideon.  \nThe need for oil/Cory Gunderson.  \np.cm.--(World in conflict.The Middle East)  \nSummary:Examines the importance of oil,how it is formed and obtained,the dependenceof industrialized nations on oil,and why it has become a bargaining chip between MiddleEastern and Western nations.  \nIncludes bibliographical references and index.  \nContents:An overview of oil--Who has oil?--Who needs oil?--Organization of  \nPetroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)--Middle East conflicts and oil--The future of oil.  \nISBN 1-59197-417-8  \n1.Petroleum industry and trade--Political aspects---Middle East--Juvenile literature.2.World Politics--21st century--Juvenile literature.[1.Petroleum industry and trade--MiddleEast.2.World politics--21st Century.3.Middle East--Politics and government--1979-]I.Title II.World in conflict.Middle East.  \nHD9576.M52G862003338.2’7282--dc21  \nCONTENTS  \nTABLE OF  \nAn Overview of Oil ………………………………………………………………………5  \nWho Has Oil?………………………  \n………………………………………9  \nWho Needs Oil?…………………………  \n………………………………………………14  \nOrganization of Petroleum Exporting  \nCountries(OPEC)………………………………………………………………17  \nMiddle East Conflicts and Oil…………………………………………………24  \nThe Future of Oil ………………………………  \n………………………………………………36  \n……………………………………………41  \nTimeline  \nFast Facts .  \n……………………………………………42  \nGlossary………  \n……………………44  \n....  \nWeb Sites……  \n…………………46  \nIndex……………………  \n……………………48  \n·...  \n0il is an essential product in the industrialized world.  \nAN OVERVIEW OF OIL  \nil is an essential part of our lives.Some have calledit the lifeblood of industrialized countries.Oilproducts are needed not just to fuel the car or bus  \nyou may have ridden in today.These products are also used incrayons,bubble gum,eyeglasses,ink,and dishwashing liquids.Oil products are most likely used to control the temperature ofyour home and school,too.Oil is the largest single source ofenergy in the world today.  \nPetroleum is another word for oil.“Petra”means rock,and\"oleum”means oil.Put together,petroleum means “rock oil\"or“oil from the earth.”Experts believe that oil is made up of deadplants and animals that lived in water millions of years ago.Through the years,layers of mud covered what remained of theseplants and animals.The combination of heat and pressureturned these remains into crude oil.  \nCrude oil is a liquid that can range in color from yellow togreen or black.This smelly substance is typically found in areas  \nunderground,which arc callcd reservoirs.Enginecrs andscientists examine rock samples from a chosen area.If samplesrcveal thc rocks contain oil,then measurements of the area aretaken.Drilling begins when it looks like ample amounts of oilare available in a specific area.A tower-like structure called aderrick is built over the drilled hole.The derrick houses thepipes and tools that go into the hole,which is also called a well.When the derrick is constructed,the drilled well will produce aconstant flow of oil from underground to the surface.  \nOnce crude oil is removed from the ground,a ship,barge,or pipeline carries it to a refinery.There the oil is separated intodifferent petroleum products,which are used in our lives every day.  \nThe business of oil production is expensive,complex,andtime consuming.Producers spend billions of ","cbCaioSlQ5arausa","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioSlQ5arausa","pdf",2554184,56,"English","# An Overview of Oil\n# Who Has Oil?\n# Who Needs Oil?\n# Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)\n# Middle East Conflicts and Oil\n# The Future of Oil\n## Timeline\n## Fast Facts\n## Glossary\n## Web Sites\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"How is oil formed according to the document?\",\"answer\":\"The document explains that oil is made from dead plants and animals that lived in water millions of years ago. Over time, layers of mud and the combination of heat and pressure turned the remains into crude oil.\"},{\"question\":\"Where is crude oil typically found and how do experts locate it?\",\"answer\":\"Crude oil is typically found underground in areas called reservoirs. Engineers and scientists examine rock samples, measure the area if the rocks contain oil, and then begin drilling if there are sufficient amounts expected.\"},{\"question\":\"Why is oil considered important for industrialized nations and global politics?\",\"answer\":\"Oil is described as the largest single source of energy and a lifeblood for industrialized countries, used in many everyday products. The document also states that it has become a bargaining chip between Middle Eastern and Western nations, influencing conflicts and future relations.\"}]","The Need for Oil - Summary and Overview | PDF",1790640185,141]