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National School Lunch Program: Background, Trends, and Issues, 2024 Edition  \nSaied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, Joanne Guthrie, and Mike Ollinger  \nEconomic Research Service [www.ers. usda.gov](www.ers. usda.gov)  \nRecommended citation format for this publication:  \nToossi, S., Todd, J. E., Guthrie, J., & Ollinger, M. (2024) . The National School Lunch Program: Background, trends, and issues, 2024 edition (Report No. EIB-279) . U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.  \nCover image is from USDA Flickr.  \nUse of commercial and trade names does not imply approval or constitute endorsement by USDA.  \nTo ensure the quality of its research reports and satisfy governmentwide standards, ERS requires that all research reports with substantively new material be reviewed by qualified technical research peers. This technical peer review process, coordinated by ERS' Peer Review Coordinating Council, allows experts who possess the technical background, perspective, and expertise to provide an objective and meaningful assessment of the output’s substantive content and clarity of communication during the publication’s review.  \nIn accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs) . Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident.  \nPersons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English.  \nTo file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: [program.intake@usda.gov](program.intake@usda.gov).  \nUSDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.  \nEconomic Research Service  \nEconomic Information Bulletin Number 279  \nSeptember 2024  \nThe National School Lunch Program:  \nBackground, Trends, and Issues, 2024 Edition  \nSaied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, Joanne Guthrie, and Mike Ollinger  \nAbstract  \nThe National School Lunch Program (NSLP) is the Nation's second-largest food and nutrition assistance program, providing billions of meals to tens of millions of children and adolescents each year. USDA, Economic Research Service (ERS) periodically reports on NSLP policies and program operations, often after major changes to the program’s rules and guidelines. The last such report was published in 2008. Since then, the program has undergone major changes precipitated by the passage of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 and the effects of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Changing economic conditions may","cbCaicjgob1Fc1Lu","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicjgob1Fc1Lu","pdf",3141453,"English","# Summary\n# Abbreviations\n# Introduction\n# Overview of the NSLP\n# Eligibility, Certification, and Verification\n# Nutrition Standards\n# Food Safety\n# Federal Reimbursements\n# Monitoring and Evaluation","[{\"question\":\"What does the report cover about the NSLP since 2008?\",\"answer\":\"It documents major program changes since 2008, considering policy shifts and resulting effects on operations and participation.\"},{\"question\":\"Which research areas are summarized regarding school meals?\",\"answer\":\"The report summarizes research on school food authorities’ financial status, program participation, nutritional quality of lunches, and impacts on children’s diets.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the report address current program challenges and future needs?\",\"answer\":\"It discusses issues facing the program and identifies research and data needs to support understanding and improvements.\"}]","The National School Lunch Program: Background, Trends, and Issues, 2024 Edition - Report No. EIB-279 - Executive summary | PDF",1792063016,126]