[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-33724-en":3,"doc-seo-33724-105":29},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},33724,7971461740909,"Levi","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",8,"Research & Report","THE LIPPMANN-DEWEY “DEBATE” REVISITED: THE PROBLEM OF KNOWLEDGE AND THE ROLE OF EXPERTS IN MODERN DEMOCRATIC THEORY","Essay analyzes the Lippmann–Dewey debate in modern democratic theory through the “problem of knowledge” and the role of experts. It contrasts Lippmann’s view of democratic governance when citizens lack sufficient knowledge and competence with Dewey’s alternative reconstruction of democratic theory. Dewey is framed as shifting from individual “omnicompetence” to social knowledge and democratic competence, enabling intelligent political life and more participatory governance.","","cbCaisubGNn3YEhi","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisubGNn3YEhi","pdf",72086,1,11,"English","en",105,"# The Problem of Knowledge in Democratic Theory\n## Lippmann and Dewey’s shared diagnosis and core disagreement\n## Dewey’s reconstruction: social knowledge and democratic competence\n## Implications for participatory democratic theory","[{\"question\":\"What is the central democratic-theory problem discussed in the essay?\",\"answer\":\"The essay centers on how the complexity of the environment can be bridged with citizens’ limited political capacities, framed as a “problem of knowledge.”\"},{\"question\":\"How do Lippmann and Dewey differ regarding the role of experts?\",\"answer\":\"Their disagreement concerns what kind and degree of knowledge citizens need and whether average citizens can acquire and exercise such competence, which then determines how experts relate to the public in each theory.\"},{\"question\":\"What does Dewey propose instead of requiring citizens to have comprehensive individual knowledge?\",\"answer\":\"Dewey rejects individual “omnicompetence” as unnecessary and emphasizes building and disseminating social knowledge, paired with democratic competence, to support intelligent political life.\"}]",1782214823,28,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":15,"description":14,"schema_data":33,"social_meta":84,"head_meta":86,"extra_data":88,"updated_unix":27},"the-lippmann-dewey-debate-revisited-the-problem-of-knowledge-and-the-role-of-experts-in-modern-democratic-theory",{"@graph":34,"@context":83},[35,52,66],{"@type":36,"itemListElement":37},"BreadcrumbList",[38,42,46,49],{"item":39,"name":40,"@type":41,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":43,"name":44,"@type":41,"position":45},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":41,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":41,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-lippmann-dewey-debate-revisited-the-problem-of-knowledge-and-the-role-of-experts-in-modern-democratic-theory/33724/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":60,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":61,"interactionStatistic":62},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":39,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-06-23",true,{"@type":63,"interactionType":64,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":65},"ViewAction",{"@type":67,"mainEntity":68},"FAQPage",[69,75,79],{"name":70,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":72},"What is the central democratic-theory problem discussed in the essay?","Question",{"text":73,"@type":74},"The essay centers on how the complexity of the environment can be bridged with citizens’ limited political capacities, framed as a “problem of knowledge.”","Answer",{"name":76,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":77},"How do Lippmann and Dewey differ regarding the role of experts?",{"text":78,"@type":74},"Their disagreement concerns what kind and degree of knowledge citizens need and whether average citizens can acquire and exercise such competence, which then determines how experts relate to the public in each theory.",{"name":80,"@type":71,"acceptedAnswer":81},"What does Dewey propose instead of requiring citizens to have comprehensive individual knowledge?",{"text":82,"@type":74},"Dewey rejects individual “omnicompetence” as unnecessary and emphasizes building and disseminating social knowledge, paired with democratic competence, to support intelligent political life.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":85,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":87,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24}]