[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-40249-en":3,"doc-seo-40249-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},40249,1649267921044,"Ava Thompson","https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1800007509477c92dfb?_k=1782875107921204101",2,"Literature","The Last Shah America, Iran, and the Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty","The Last Shah: America, Iran, and the Fall of the Pahlavi Dynasty by Ray Takeyh examines how U.S.-Iran relations and key internal political developments shaped the decline of the Pahlavi dynasty. The book traces a sequence of turning points, including Iran under occupation, crises in Azerbaijan, oil nationalization, the coup, and the shah’s rising autocracy. It then follows reform efforts, revolutionary upheaval, and the establishment of a new moral-political order, concluding with recurring historical patterns.","The Last Shah  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nThe Last Shah  \namerica, iran, and the fall of the pahlavi dynasty  \nRay Takeyh  \na council on foreign relations book  \nNew Haven & London  \nPublished with assistance from the foundation established in memory of James Wesley Cooper of the Class of 1865, Yale College.  \nCopyright © 2021 by Ray Takeyh.  \nAll rights reserved.  \nThis book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers.  \nYale University Press books may be purchased in quantity for educational, business, or promotional use. For information, please e-mail [sales.press@yale.edu](sales.press@yale.edu)[ ](sales.press@yale.edu)([U.S. office](U.S. office)) or [sales@yaleup.co.uk](sales@yaleup.co.uk) ([U.K. office](U.K. office)).  \nSet in Adobe Garamond type by IDS Infotech Ltd.  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2020937955  \nISBN 978-0-300-21779-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.  \nThis paper meets the requirements ofANSI/NISO Z39 .48-1992 (Permanence  \nof Paper) .  \nTHE COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS  \nThe Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, business executives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; convening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and prominent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major international issues; supporting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce articles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important foreign policy topics; and providing up-to-date information and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, [www.cfr.org](www.cfr.org).  \nThe Council on Foreign Relations takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with the U.S. government. All statements of fact and expressions of opinion contained in its publications are the sole responsibility of the author or authors.  \nI dedicate this book to my parents and all those who suffered at the hands of the revolution.  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nContents  \nCast of Characters, xi  \nIntroduction: Through the Looking Glass, 1  \n1 Iran under Occupation, 8  \n2 A Crisis in Azerbaijan, 31  \n3 The Oil Nationalization Crisis, 55  \n4 The Coup, 87  \n5 The Shah’s Emerging Autocracy, 117  \n6 The Age of Reform, 141  \n7 Master of the Universe, 169  \n8 The Revolution, 196  \n9 Republic of Virtue, 240  \nConclusion: The Past Has Another Pattern, 258  \nAcknowledgments, 265  \nNotes, 267  \nIndex, 295","cbCaibtk5JaBnnu4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaibtk5JaBnnu4","pdf",2268137,5,1,332,"English","en",105,"# Contents\n## Introduction: Through the Looking Glass\n## Iran under Occupation\n## A Crisis in Azerbaijan\n## The Oil Nationalization Crisis\n## The Coup\n## The Shah’s Emerging Autocracy\n## The Age of Reform\n## Master of the Universe\n## The Revolution\n## Republic of Virtue\n## Conclusion: The Past Has Another Pattern\n## Acknowledgments\n## Notes\n## Index","[{\"question\":\"What is the subject of The Last Shah?\",\"answer\":\"The book focuses on America’s role in Iran and the processes that led to the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty.\"},{\"question\":\"Which historical phases does the book cover?\",\"answer\":\"It follows major phases such as Iran under occupation, the Azerbaijan crisis, oil nationalization, a coup, the shah’s autocracy, reform, and the revolution that replaced the prior system.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the book structure its argument?\",\"answer\":\"It progresses through a chapter-by-chapter narrative of escalating crises and political transformations, then concludes by drawing parallels with past historical 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