[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-140743-105":59,"doc-detail-140743-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","the-journal-of-economic-perspectives-vol-40-number-3","The Journal of Economic Perspectives - Vol. 40 - Number 3","","The Journal of Economic Perspectives (American Economic Association) Summer 2026 issue provides a curated selection of symposia and articles spanning economic policy and empirical methods. The table of contents includes an Artificial Intelligence symposium with contributions on firms’ market for intelligence and AI’s economic future, followed by a Tariffs symposium covering historical tariff policy and welfare, labor market, trade taxation, and distributional incidence. Instrumental variables pieces address inference with weak instruments and operator manuals, concluding with further reading and editorial policies on purpose, data availability, and disclosure.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-journal-of-economic-perspectives-vol-40-number-3/140743/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-journal-of-economic-perspectives-vol-40-number-3/140743.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Skyler","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-16","2026-08-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the stated purpose of The Journal of Economic Perspectives?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It aims to connect lessons from active economic research with accessible analysis for public policy, encourage cross-disciplinary idea exchange, and provide state-of-the-art economic thinking for broad readers and classroom use.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the journal require regarding data availability?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Published papers must use data that is clearly documented and readily available for replication, with sufficient computational details provided to permit replication; the editor must be notified if data are proprietary or cannot be made available.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What disclosure expectations exist for authors?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Authors are expected to disclose potential conflicts of interest that may arise from consulting, financial interests, or other nonacademic activities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},140743,1787608605,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},2336464648746,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","TheJournal of  \nEconomic Perspectives  \nA journal of the  \nAmerican Economic Association  \nSummer 2026  \nThe Journal of  \nEconomic Perspectives  \nA journal of the American Economic Association  \nEditor  \nHeidi Williams, Dartmouth College  \nCoeditors  \nJeffrey Kling, Washington, DC, USA Jonathan Parker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology  \nAssociate Editors  \nPanle Jia Barwick, University of Wisconsin–Madison Marianne Bertrand, University of Chicago Karen Clay, Carnegie Mellon University Jeffrey Clemens, University of California, San Diego Michael Clemens, George Mason University Steven J. Davis, Stanford University Benjamin Golub, Northwestern University Andrew Greenland, North Carolina State University Louis Kaplow, Harvard University Imran Rasul, University College London Jeffrey Wooldridge, Michigan State University  \nData Editor  \nLars Vilhuber  \nManaging Editor  \nTimothy Taylor  \nAssistant Managing Editor  \nBradley Waldraff  \nEditorial offices: Journal of Economic Perspectives American Economic Association Publications 2403 Sidney St., \\#260 Pittsburgh, PA 15203 [email: jep@aeapubs.org](email: jep@aeapubs.org)  \nThe Journal of Economic Perspectives gratefully acknowledges the support of Macalester College. Registered in the US Patent and Trademark Office (®).  \nCopyright © 2026 by the American Economic Association; All Rights Reserved.  \nComposed by American Economic Association Publications, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.  \nPrinted at Sheridan Press, Hanover, Pennsylvania, USA.  \nNo responsibility for the views expressed by the authors in this journal is assumed by the editors or by the American Economic Association.  \nTHEJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES (ISSN 0895-3309), Summer 2026, Vol. 40, No. 3. The JEPis published quarterly (February, May, August, November) by the American Economic Association, 2014 Broadway, Suite 305, Nashville, TN 37203-2418. For details and further information on theAEA go to [https://www.aeaweb.org/. Periodicals postage paid at Nashville](https://www.aeaweb.org/. Periodicals postage paid at Nashville), TN, and at additional mailing offices.  \nPOSTMASTER: Send address changes to the Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2014 Broadway, Suite 305, Nashville, TN 37203. Printed in the USA.  \nThe Journal of  \nEconomic Perspectives  \n\n| Contents | Volume 40 • Number 3 • Summer 2026 |\n| --- | --- |\n\nSymposia  \nArtificial Intelligence  \nCharles I. Jones,“AI and Our Economic Future”........................... 3  \nMert Demirer, Andrey Fradkin, and Nadav Tadelis,“The Emerging Market for Intelligence: How Firms Buy and Sell AI”..................... 23  \nTariffs  \nMiguel Acosta, Lydia Cox, Andrew Greenland, John Lopresti, Christopher M. Meissner, Martin Rotemberg, and Sharon Traiberman,“US Tariff Policy Since 1789” ............... 47  \nRafael Dix-Carneiro and Brian K. Kovak,“Labor Market Responses to Tariffs: Frictions, Dynamics, and Policy Responses” ............... 73  \nArnaud Costinot and Iván Werning,“Should We Tax Trade? A Pigouvian Perspective” ............................................... 101  \nGita Gopinath and Brent Neiman,“The Incidence of Tariffs: Ratesand Reality”............................................... 123  \nPierre-Olivier Gourinchas, Gene Kindberg-Hanlon, Manasa Patnam, Lorenzo Rotunno, and Michele Ruta,“Global Imbalances, Tariffs, and Industrial Policy”................................. 145  \nKyle Pomerleau and Erica York,“Evaluating the Fiscal and Distributional Implications of Tariffs”...................................... 171  \nInstrumental Variables  \nDavid S. Lee and Jack Porter,“Correct (and Incorrect) Inference with a Single Instrumental Variable: Practical Takeaways from the Weak Instruments Literature” ..................................... 193  \nPaul Goldsmith-Pinkham, Peter Hull, and Michal Kolesár,“Leniency Designs: An Operator’s Manual”.............................. 213  \nArticle  \nJames Poterba and Iván Werning,“Stefanie Stantcheva, 2025 Clark Medalist” .. 241  \nFeature  \n","cbCaihorBDXEPzma","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihorBDXEPzma","pdf",4100815,270,"English","# Symposia\n## Artificial Intelligence\n## Tariffs\n## Instrumental Variables\n# Article\n# Feature\n# Recommendations for Further Reading\n# Statement of Purpose\n# Policy on Data Availability\n# Policy on Disclosure\n# Journal of Economic Perspectives Advisory Board","[{\"question\":\"What is the stated purpose of The Journal of Economic Perspectives?\",\"answer\":\"It aims to connect lessons from active economic research with accessible analysis for public policy, encourage cross-disciplinary idea exchange, and provide state-of-the-art economic thinking for broad readers and classroom use.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the journal require regarding data availability?\",\"answer\":\"Published papers must use data that is clearly documented and readily available for replication, with sufficient computational details provided to permit replication; the editor must be notified if data are proprietary or cannot be made available.\"},{\"question\":\"What disclosure expectations exist for authors?\",\"answer\":\"Authors are expected to disclose potential conflicts of interest that may arise from consulting, financial interests, or other nonacademic activities.\"}]","The Journal of Economic Perspectives - Vol. 40 - Number 3 | PDF",680]