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The influence of endocrine disrupters on gut microbiota. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 55 (7): 1635-1640 . [https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6124](https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.6124)  \nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.  \nThis Review Article is brought to you for free and open access by TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. It has been accepted for inclusion in Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences by an authorized editor of TÜBİTAK Academic Journals. For more information, please contact [academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr](academic.publications@tubitak.gov.tr)  \n\n| \u003Cbr>| Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences [http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/](http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/medical/)\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>Review Article | Turk J Med Sci\u003Cbr>(2025) 55: 1635-1640 © TÜBİTAK\u003Cbr>doi:10.55730/1300-0144.6124 |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n\nThe influence of endocrine disruptors on the gut microbiota  \nKader UĞUR􀁋  \nDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkiye  \nReceived: 26.12.2024  Accepted/Published Online: 13.10.2025  Final Version: 17.12.2025  \nAbstract: Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are closely associated with the second brain, the microbiota-derived enteric nervous system, commonly referred to as the gut microbiota. The microbiota plays a crucial role in human health and the development of diseases. Intoday’s industrialized world, the presence of EDs in air, water, and soil leads to primary human exposure through dermal contact and ingestion. The impact of these EDs on the microbiota remains unclear. EDs that disrupt the balance of the gut microbiota may contribute to a range of disorders, including metabolic (obesity, diabetes mellitus), cardiovascular (vascular stenosis, cerebrovascular disease), reproductive (infertility, ovarian and testicular tumors), neurological (dysfunction of the amygdala, cortex, and cerebellum), and behavioral disorders (dementia, depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia) . This review examines the effects of commonly encountered environmental EDs on the gut microbiota and summarizes the most recent findings on this topic. The concept of the microbiota-derived enteric nervous system and the modulation of the hormonal system through interactions between microorganisms and environmental chemicals have prompted specialists in endocrinology and metabolism to reconsider patient management and treatment strategies. This necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of treatment options that incorporate microbiome data. The information presented in this review will help illuminate future research directions and serve as a valuable resource for subsequent studies.  \nKey words: Endocrine disruptors, gut, microbiota, human health  \n1. Introduction  \nExposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs) is inevitable in modern industrialized societies, as they are ubiquitous in the environment through air, water, and soil. These substances commonly enter the human body through inhalation, dermal absorption, or ingestion. The challenges we increasingly face involve chemicaldependent agriculture and food production, as well asthe accumulation of electronic waste, plastics, and other synthetic materials. Once inside the body, EDs can interfere with the production, release, transportation, and function of hormones by exerting either agonistic or antagonistic effects [1] . Numerous epidemiological and experimental studies have demonstrated that EDs disrupt the balance of the gut microbiota, leading to a variety of health disorders, including metabolic, cardiovascular, reprodu","cbCaihpcWUJbBGNT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihpcWUJbBGNT","pdf",266709,"English","# Abstract\n# 1. Introduction\n# 2. Microbiota","[{\"question\":\"What are endocrine disruptors and how are people exposed to them?\",\"answer\":\"Endocrine disruptors are ubiquitous environmental chemicals found in air, water, and soil. Human exposure occurs mainly through inhalation, dermal absorption, and ingestion.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the gut microbiota affect human health according to the review?\",\"answer\":\"The gut microbiota supports infection protection, nutrient and energy absorption, and immune function. Evidence also links healthy microbiota to normal brain-related development and function.\"},{\"question\":\"What kinds of health disorders may be associated with ED-driven disruption of gut microbiota?\",\"answer\":\"The review connects EDs to metabolic, cardiovascular, reproductive, neurological, and behavioral disorders, including conditions such as obesity and diabetes mellitus, vascular and cerebrovascular diseases, infertility, and neurobehavioral disorders.\"}]","The influence of endocrine disruptors on gut microbiota - Review article | PDF",1790609090,18]