[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-603208-en":59,"doc-seo-603208-105":81},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":72,"language":73,"language_code":74,"site_id":75,"html_lang":74,"table_of_contents":76,"faqs":77,"seo_title":78,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":79,"read_time":80},603208,962090895452,"moss~","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","THE IMPORTANCE OF UNIVERSITY SETTINGS AND DESIGN FOR STUDENT SUCCESS IN SWEDEN","Quality of life and students’ opportunities for meaningful activity are shaped by surrounding environments. Research over the past decades shows benefits of nature and greenery, while newer work considers other environmental qualities. This study assesses how environmental qualities, especially greenery near higher educational institutions, relate to student success. After accounting for factors known to affect outcomes, greenery presence near HEIs is positively associated with graduation rates; other environmental characteristics show no such correlation.","THE IMPORTANCE OF UNIVERSITY SETTINGS AND DESIGN FOR STUDENT  \nSUCCESS IN SWEDEN  \nJAN AMCOFF  \nANDREAS ALM FJELLBORG  \nUppsala University, Sweden  \nNEIL SANG  \nERIK SKÄRBÄCK  \nSwedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden  \nHELENA LUNDIN KLEBERG  \nSpacescape, Sweden  \nABSTRACT  \nPeople’s quality of life and opportunities for activity are influenced by their surrounding environments. A substantial body of literature on the positive effects of nature and greenery has emerged during the last 50 years. Additional research has focused on other types of environmental qualities. While some Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) are surrounded by parklands, others are located in more urban settings. This study focuses on the importance of environmental qualities, including greenery, for student success. After controlling for a number offactors established as important in previous studies, our results indicate that the presence of greenery in the immediate surroundings of HEIs is positively correlated with graduation rates. There is also no indication that other environmental characteristics have any correlation.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nGraduation is an obvious goal for most students, with retention being a crucial step along the way. Both are important to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) as their role is to “produce”various skills and proficiencies for the benefit of society at large. Graduation and retention rates may also influence the allocation of resources to individual HEIs, although this varies both between and within countries.  \nMost research on variations in retention and graduation rates has focused on individual attributes (e.g., school grades or socioeconomic background) and/or organizational aspects of education. However, studies of human performance more generally have also paid considerable attention to physical environments. This study examines whether university settings (i.e., the physical areas surrounding HEI facilities) impact students’ academic performance. On a more applied level, this can be rephrased as the question of whether student performance can be improved by (re-)designing university settings (primarily to include more greenery) .  \nLITERATURE REVIEW  \nThe general idea that humans benefit from contact with nature can be traced back to Aristoteles. There is an extensive body of literature in this field, with environmental psychologists playing a prominent role (for a recent overview see Silva et al., 2023). Even when focusing specifically on university students’relationships with nature and greenery, the number of studies is overwhelming (see van den Bogerd et al., 2020, for a comprehensive review) . Most of these studies focus on students’ stated perceptions or preferences, generally indicating positive views on nature. However, this does not necessarily mean that greenery has a positive effect on their academic performance.  \nEducational Planning | Spring 2025 109 Vol. 32, No. 2  \nA smaller part of this literature adds an “objective”perspective to students’views by relying on experiments rather than surveys. Participants, some of whom have been exposed to nature and others not, are typically asked to complete some form of measurable test or performative task. Recent studies include Chen et al. (2020), who observed superior cognitive performance among research subjects exposed to a wooded garden environment compared to a traffic island; Prentice & Waliczek (2021), who reported negligible differences in verbal and non-verbal abilities among students in outdoor versus indoor classrooms; and Kimura et al. (2023), who concluded that outdoor exercises, compared to indoor ones, increase neuronal activity in brain regions related to creativity. Most of these studies also report positive effects of exposure to nature. For a more comprehensive overview, see Mason et al. (2022) .  \nDespite the positive relationships between greenery and students’ perceptions and performances mentioned above, greenspace is no","cbCaiaqYHqaGsrQY","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiaqYHqaGsrQY","pdf",282460,18,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature Review","[{\"question\":\"How does the study define student success in higher education contexts?\",\"answer\":\"Student success is discussed through outcomes such as graduation, with retention described as a crucial intermediate step. The study links these outcomes to characteristics of university settings.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the main environmental factor found to affect graduation rates?\",\"answer\":\"The presence of greenery in the immediate surroundings of higher educational institutions is positively correlated with graduation rates after controlling for other important factors.\"},{\"question\":\"Do other environmental characteristics show relationships with student performance?\",\"answer\":\"The results indicate no correlation between other environmental characteristics and student success measures in this study.\"}]","THE IMPORTANCE OF UNIVERSITY SETTINGS AND DESIGN FOR STUDENT SUCCESS IN SWEDEN | PDF",1792095898,45,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"ok",{"site_id":75,"language":74,"slug":84,"title":65,"keywords":85,"description":66,"schema_data":86,"social_meta":140,"head_meta":142,"extra_data":144,"updated_unix":145},"the-importance-of-university-settings-and-design-for-student-success-in-sweden","",{"@graph":87,"@context":139},[88,102,122],{"@type":89,"itemListElement":90},"BreadcrumbList",[91,95,97,100],{"item":92,"name":93,"@type":94,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":96,"name":9,"@type":94,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":98,"name":40,"@type":94,"position":99},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":101,"name":65,"@type":94,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-importance-of-university-settings-and-design-for-student-success-in-sweden/603208/",{"url":101,"name":65,"@type":103,"image":104,"author":109,"headline":65,"publisher":111,"fileFormat":114,"inLanguage":74,"description":66,"dateModified":115,"datePublished":116,"encodingFormat":114,"isAccessibleForFree":117,"interactionStatistic":118},"DigitalDocument",{"url":105,"@type":106,"width":107,"height":108},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-importance-of-university-settings-and-design-for-student-success-in-sweden/603208.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":110},"Person",{"url":92,"name":112,"@type":113},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":119,"interactionType":120,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":121},"ViewAction",{"@type":123,"mainEntity":124},"FAQPage",[125,131,135],{"name":126,"@type":127,"acceptedAnswer":128},"How does the study define student success in higher education contexts?","Question",{"text":129,"@type":130},"Student success is discussed through outcomes such as graduation, with retention described as a crucial intermediate step. 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