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requirements for Professional Doctorate in Counselling Psychology  \n(DPsych)  \nCity, University of London Department of Psychology  \nNovember 2020  \nTable of Contents  \nList of tables and figures ....................................................................................................3  \nAcknowledgements .............................................................................................................4  \nCity, University of London Declaration ..............................................................................5  \nPreface .................................................................................................................................6  \nReferences ........................................................................................................................ 10  \nDoctoral Research ............................................................................................................. 11  \nAbstract ............................................................................................................................. 12  \nLiterature Review .............................................................................................................. 13  \nMethodology Chapter .........................................................................................................47  \nAnalysis .............................................................................................................................70  \nDiscussion ....................................................................................................................... 134  \nReferences ...................................................................................................................... 157  \nAppendices ...................................................................................................................... 175  \nPublishable Journal Article ............................................................................................202  \nReferences ......................................................................................................................229  \nAppendices ......................................................................................................................235  \nClient Case Study ............................................................................................................242  \nReferences ......................................................................................................................274  \nAppendices .....................................................................................................................278  \nTHE FOLLOWING PARTS OF THIS THESIS HAS BEEN REDACTED FOR DATA PROTECTION REASONS:  \nPart B: publishable article.............................................................................................203-242  \nPart C: client case study...............................................................................................244-  \nList of tables and figures  \nTable 1: Summary of participants’ demographic information ......................................................... 59  \nTable 2: Superordinate themes and subthemes summary .............................................................. 70  \nAcknowledgements  \nI sincerely would like to thank my research supervisor Dr Ohemaa Nkansa-Dwamena for her unconditional support, guidance, and dedication. Her patience and compassion were a source of strength for me throughout this journey. I would also like to thank all the participants who took the time to partake in this research project and willingly shared their experiences. Their input has been extremely valuable and insightful. I am also very grateful to my family, friends and colleagues who supported me during the most challenging of times. 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