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This study evaluates how chronological age relates to brain predicted age difference (brain-PAD) and cognitive fatigue (CF) in a non-medical lifespan sample (n=85, mean age 46.9). Participants completed fatigue-inducing tasks during brain scans and reported real-time CF. Mixed-effects analyses examined CF slope and signal detection theory (SDT) criterion. Chronological age reduced CF, brain-PAD predicted faster CF accrual, and age-task interactions altered SDT criterion-CF relationships across age groups.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-impact-of-brain-age-versus-chronological-age-on-cognitive-fatigue-novel-metrics-and-new-insights/426224/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-impact-of-brain-age-versus-chronological-age-on-cognitive-fatigue-novel-metrics-and-new-insights/426224.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Stanford","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-12","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why does the study examine brain-PAD and cognitive fatigue instead of chronological age alone?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Chronological age and fatigue findings are mixed, so the study targets novel age-related metrics like brain predicted age difference (brain-PAD) alongside cognitive fatigue.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were cognitive fatigue and its time course measured?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Participants performed fatigue-inducing tasks during brain scans and provided real-time “state” cognitive fatigue ratings using a visual analog scale, from which CF slope and SDT criteria were derived.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the mixed-effects analyses show about chronological age and CF?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Chronological age had a main effect: for each additional year of age, participants reported 0.51 less cognitive fatigue.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"What was the role of brain-PAD in predicting cognitive fatigue?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Increased brain-PAD was associated with faster cognitive fatigue accrual, indicating brain age may be a more informative predictor of CF than chronological age across adulthood.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},426224,1790767886,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":24},2336477552062,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2 1261  \nAbstract citation ID: igaf122.4213  \nTHE IMPACT OF BRAIN AGE VERSUS  \nCHRONOLOGICAL AGE ON COGNITIVE FATIGUE: NOVEL METRICS AND NEW INSIGHTS  \nCristina Roman1, Glenn Wylie2, Jay Buckey3,  \nNancy Chiaravalloti4, James Ford5, Michael Falvo6,  \nHelen Genova4, and John DeLuca2, 1. Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, United States, 2. Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, United States,  \n3. Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States, 4. Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, New Jersey, United States, 5. Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States, 6. Rutgers University, East Orange, New Jersey, United States  \nFatigue impacts 22% of the general population. Yet, our understanding of chronological age and fatigue is mixed, suggesting other more novel age-and fatigue-related metrics, such as brain predicted age difference (brain-PAD; i.e., a measure of accelerated/decelerated brain aging) and Signal Detection Theory  \n1262 Innovation in Aging, 2025, Vol. 9, No. S2  \n(SDT; i.e., objective behavioral fatigue measures), are needed to better understand the cognitive fatigue (CF)-age relationship. The current study investigates the relationship between chronological age versus brain-PAD and CF in a non-medical lifespan sample (n = 85; mean age=46.9 years) . Participants completed fatigue inducing tasks during brain scans, capturing real time “state”CF using a visual analog scale. Slope and SDT (Criterion) metrics were calculated for CF. Brain-PAD (i.e., chronological age minus predicted brain age) was estimated using brainageR. Linear mixed effects analyses showed a main effect of Chronological Age (F(1, 97.1)=7.33, p = 0.008): for every year of increased age, participants reported 0.51 less CF. CF slope showed a significant effect of Brain-PAD (F(1,79)=4.00, p = 0.04), such that participants with increased brain-PAD fatigued at a faster rate. There was a three-way interaction between CF, Age and Task (F(1,403.8)=5.52, p = 0.02), resulting from a positive relationship between SDT Criterion and CF when participants were young that became increasingly flat as age increased; slope became negative for older participants. Our results show a critical difference between younger and older participants in relation to CF. In addition, increased brain age, rather than chronological age, predicted faster accrual of CF. These results suggest that CF may bean effective indicator of brain age across the lifespan.","cbCainWkCPWt4ztV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainWkCPWt4ztV","pdf",2171979,"English","# Study objective and rationale\n## Participants, tasks, and CF measurement\n## Metrics and statistical analysis\n## Key findings and implications","[{\"question\":\"Why does the study examine brain-PAD and cognitive fatigue instead of chronological age alone?\",\"answer\":\"Chronological age and fatigue findings are mixed, so the study targets novel age-related metrics like brain predicted age difference (brain-PAD) alongside cognitive fatigue.\"},{\"question\":\"How were cognitive fatigue and its time course measured?\",\"answer\":\"Participants performed fatigue-inducing tasks during brain scans and provided real-time “state” cognitive fatigue ratings using a visual analog scale, from which CF slope and SDT criteria were derived.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the mixed-effects analyses show about chronological age and CF?\",\"answer\":\"Chronological age had a main effect: for each additional year of age, participants reported 0.51 less cognitive fatigue.\"},{\"question\":\"What was the role of brain-PAD in predicting cognitive fatigue?\",\"answer\":\"Increased brain-PAD was associated with faster cognitive fatigue accrual, indicating brain age may be a more informative predictor of CF than chronological age across adulthood.\"}]","THE IMPACT OF BRAIN AGE VERSUS CHRONOLOGICAL AGE ON COGNITIVE FATIGUE - Novel Metrics and New Insights | PDF",1790639828]