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It reviews methodological problems in prior research and offers a tentative comparison with political views of Canadian and American academics. Results place Canadian professors to the left of the political spectrum, while showing substantial heterogeneity. Multivariate analyses highlight the role of disadvantaged status and disciplinary socialization, without discounting self-selection processes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-ideological-orientations-of-canadian-university-professors/597485/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-ideological-orientations-of-canadian-university-professors/597485.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"pop out","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What data and sample does the paper use to study ideological orientations?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The paper relies on a unique 2000 study of a representative sample of Canadian academics, with n=3,318 professors.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the paper conclude about where Canadian professors fall on the political spectrum?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Canadian academics fall to the left of the political spectrum, though they are not hugely different from the Canadian university-educated population.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which factors does the paper identify as shaping professors' ideological views?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Multivariate analyses emphasize the importance of disadvantaged status and disciplinary socialization, while self-selection processes are not discounted.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},597485,1792190601,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":36,"preview_page_count":4},962090760408,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","The Ideological Orientations of Canadian University Professors / M. R. Nakhaie & R. J. Brym 18  \nCanadian Journal of Higher Education Revue canadienne d’enseignement supérieur Volume 41, No. 1, 2011, pages 18 – 33  \nThe Ideological Orientations of Canadian University Professors  \nM. Reza Nakhaie University of Windsor  \nRobert J. Brym  \nUniversity of Toronto  \nABSTRACT  \nThis paper analyzes the ideological orientations of Canadian university professors based on a unique 2000 study of a representative sample of Canadian academics (n=3,318). After summarizing methodological problems with extant research on this subject, and tentatively comparing the political views of Canadian and American academics, the paper demonstrates that Canadian academics fall to the left of the political spectrum but are not hugely different in this respect from the Canadian university-educated population. Multivariate analyses reveal considerable heterogeneity in the ideological views of Canadian professors, suggesting that contemporary characterizations ofthe North American professoriate as left-or right-leaning tend to be overdrawn. Multivariate analyses demonstrate the importance of disadvantaged status and disciplinary socialization in shaping professors’ ideological views, although selfselection processes are not discounted.  \nRéSUMé  \nCet article analyse les orientations idéologiques des professeurs des universités canadiennesselon une étude unique datant de l’an 2000 et portant sur un échantillon représentatif composé de 3 318 professeurs d’université du Canada. Après avoir résumé les problèmesméthodologiques avec une recherche approfondie sur le sujet, puis tenté de comparer les vues politiques de professeurs d’universités canadiennes et américaines, l’article démontre que les professeurs d’université du Canada se situent à la gauche de l’éventail politique, sans être très différents de l’ensemble des diplômés universitaires du Canada. Les analyses multidimensionnelles révèlent une hétérogénéité considérable des vues idéologiques des professeurs canadiens, suggérant ainsi que les caractérisations contemporaines selon lesquelles le professorat nord-américain se situe soit vers la droite, soit vers la gauche, onttendance à être à exagérées. Les analyses multidimensionnelles démontrent l’importance dela socialisation disciplinaire et du statut de défavorisé pour former les vues idéologiques des professeurs, même si les processus d’autosélection ne sont pas pris en compte.  \nCJHE / RCES Volume 41, No. 1, 2011  \nThe Ideological Orientations of Canadian University Professors / M. R. Nakhaie & R. J. Brym 19  \nPAST RESEARCH  \nScholars have long debated whether North American academics tend toward the left or the right of the political spectrum. While the dominant view used to be that academics are mainly career-oriented and apolitical or conservative (Gouldner, 1979; Jacoby, 1987; Martin, 1998; Mills, 1959; Starr, 1995; Thomson, 1990; Turk, 2000), the contrary opinion gained ground in the 1990s, fuelled by the neoconservative movement. The dissenters held that once the radicals and activists ofthe 1960s and 1970s joined the ranks ofthe professoriate, universities moved sharply to the left. Therefore, the dissenters continued, professors now tend to vote for non-conservative political parties, sharply limit the recruitment of conservative faculty, and penalize students for holding conservative views. According to the dissenters, widespread support for political correctness, feminism, multiculturalism, and affirmative action is indicative of the radical climate in universities (Bennett 1984; Bloom 1987; D’Souza, 1991; Ferry, 1999; Gruhn ,1994; Gunter, 2001; Horowitz, 2002; Kimball, 1990; Klatt, 2000; Lipton, 1991; Rothman, Lichter, & Nevitte, 2005a; Schratz, 1993a, 1993b; Thomson, 1990) .“Velvet terrorism” is the way one University of Toronto professor describes the ideological atmosphere of university life today (quoted in Kay 2004) .  \nDespite the vigor","cbCairDK9i3LoHq5","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairDK9i3LoHq5","pdf",293969,16,"English","# Abstract\n# Past Research\n## Debate on political orientation in North American academia\n# Method and Evidence\n## 2000 representative sample analysis\n## Multivariate findings and heterogeneity\n# Explanatory Factors\n## Disadvantaged status and disciplinary socialization","[{\"question\":\"What data and sample does the paper use to study ideological orientations?\",\"answer\":\"The paper relies on a unique 2000 study of a representative sample of Canadian academics, with n=3,318 professors.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the paper conclude about where Canadian professors fall on the political spectrum?\",\"answer\":\"Canadian academics fall to the left of the political spectrum, though they are not hugely different from the Canadian university-educated population.\"},{\"question\":\"Which factors does the paper identify as shaping professors' ideological views?\",\"answer\":\"Multivariate analyses emphasize the importance of disadvantaged status and disciplinary socialization, while self-selection processes are not discounted.\"}]","The Ideological Orientations of Canadian University Professors | PDF",1792085101]