[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-38008-en":3,"doc-seo-38008-105":30,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":29},38008,13056703019662,"Evangeline","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253a8e92610077?_k=1778726343310543188",8,"Research & Report","The Great Delusion: Liberal Dreams and International Realities","The Great Delusion: Liberal Dreams and International Realities presents John J. Mearsheimer’s analysis of how liberalism shapes U.S. foreign policy and why it repeatedly fails in practice. The book argues that “liberal hegemony” seeks to remake states into liberal democracies, promote open economies, and build international institutions, aiming to reduce terrorism, nuclear proliferation, and human rights abuses. Mearsheimer contends the strategy was destined to collide with nationalism and realism, which drive international politics more strongly, producing disastrous outcomes in the Middle East and severe deterioration in U.S.-Russian relations.","THE HENRY L. STIMSON LECTURES SERIES  \nThe Great Delusion  \nLIBERAL DREAMS AND INTERNATIONAL REALITIES  \nJOHN J. MEARSHEIMER  \nThe Henry L. Stimson Lectures at the Whitney and Betty MacMillan Center for International and Area  \nStudies at Yale.  \nCopyright © 2018 by John J. Mearsheimer. All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U. S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the  \npublishers.  \nYale University Press books may be purchased in quantity for educational, business, or promotional use. For information, please e-mail [sales.press@yale.edu](sales.press@yale.edu) ([U.S. office](U.S. office)) or [sales@yaleup.co.uk](sales@yaleup.co.uk) ([U.K. office](U.K. office)).  \nSet in type by Westchester Publishing Services.  \nPrinted in the United States of America.  \nLibrary of Congress Control Number: 2018941374  \nISBN 978-0-300-23419-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.  \nThis paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper) .  \n10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nCONTENTS  \nPreface  \n1 The Impossible Dream  \n2 Human Nature and Politics  \n3 Political Liberalism  \n4 Cracks in the Liberal Edifice  \n5 Liberalism Goes Abroad  \n6 Liberalism as a Source of Trouble  \n7 Liberal Theories of Peace  \n8 The Case for Restraint  \nNotes  \nIndex  \nPREFACE  \nWHEN I BEGAN WORKING ON THIS BOOK ten years ago, I had two different ideas about what the topic might be. First, I was interested in explaining why post– Cold War U. S. foreign policy was so prone to failure, sometimes disastrous failure. I was especially interested in explaining America’s fiascoes in the greater Middle East, which continued to accumulate, and the steady deterioration of U. S.-Russian relations, which culminated in a major rupture over Ukraine in  \n2014. This subject was all the more interesting because there was so much optimism in the early 1990s about America’s role in the world. I wanted to figure out what went wrong.  \nSecond, I aspired to write a book about how liberalism, nationalism, and realism interact to affect relations among states. I have long considered nationalism a remarkably powerful force in international politics, but I had never examined that topic in detail. I had written a good deal about realism, however, and explored its differences with liberalism in several earlier works. I thought that it would be interesting to write a book comparing and contrasting these three“isms,” especially since I knew of no article or book that did this.  \nAs I thought about the relationship between liberalism, nationalism, and realism, I came to realize that this trichotomy provided an ideal template for explaining the failures of U. S. foreign policy since 1989, and especially since 2001. At that point, my two reasons for writing this book fit together rather neatly.  \nMy basic argument is that the United States was so powerful in the aftermath of the Cold War that it could adopt a profoundly liberal foreign policy, commonly referred to as “liberal hegemony.” The aim of this ambitious strategy is to turn as many countries as possible into liberal democracies while also fostering an open international economy and building formidable international institutions. In essence, the United States has sought to remake the world in its own image. Proponents of this policy, which is widely embraced in the American foreign policy establishment, believe it will make the world more peaceful and ameliorate the dual problems of nuclear proliferation and terrorism. It will reduce human rights violations and make liberal democracies more secure against internal threats.  \nFrom the beginning, however, liberal hegemony was destined to fail, and it did. This strategy invariably leads to policies that put a country at odds with national","cbCaivTi1CryBmQ9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivTi1CryBmQ9","pdf",2146810,4,1,295,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n# Contents\n# Notes\n# Index","[{\"question\":\"What is “liberal hegemony” according to the book’s argument?\",\"answer\":\"Liberal hegemony is a liberal foreign-policy strategy under which the United States tries to make many countries into liberal democracies, foster an open international economy, and build strong international institutions.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the book claim liberal hegemony is destined to fail?\",\"answer\":\"Because it puts the United States at odds with nationalism and realism, which ultimately have more influence in international politics than liberalism does.\"},{\"question\":\"What real-world U.S. foreign-policy problems does the preface highlight?\",\"answer\":\"The preface points to repeated U.S. failures in the greater Middle East and to the steady 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