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The Goal Setting Challenge App (GSC App) delivers self-determination instruction through technology, grounded in the evidence-based SelfDetermined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI). The study reports goal attainment outcomes for students with disabilities who participated in a small, cluster-randomized controlled trial during 2020–2021 and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, outlining impacts after one semester and describing implementation and sample loss influences.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-goal-setting-challenge-app-impact-on-transition-goal-attainment-outcomes-of-students-with-disabilities-article/598393/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-goal-setting-challenge-app-impact-on-transition-goal-attainment-outcomes-of-students-with-disabilities-article/598393.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"A glass of water","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the Goal Setting Challenge App (GSC App) designed to do?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The GSC App delivers self-determination instruction via technology, building on the SDLMI framework for students to set goals and work toward them.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What research design evaluated the GSC App?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The article reports outcomes from a small, cluster-randomized controlled trial (C-RCT) conducted during the 2020 to 2021 academic year.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How did the GSC App affect students’ transition goal attainment?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Findings indicate it is highly probable the GSC App enhances transition goal attainment outcomes after one semester, with students three times more likely to attain self-identified goals than in business-as-usual conditions.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},598393,1792188528,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962090760832,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","The Goal Setting Challenge App: Impact on Transition Goal Attainment Outcomes of Students With Disabilities  \nCareer Development and Transition for Exceptional Individuals  \n2024, Vol. 47(1) 4–18  \n© Hammill Institute on Disabilities 2023  \nArticle reuse guidelines: [sagepub.com/journals-permissions](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[ ](sagepub.com/journals-permissions)[DOI: 10.1177/21651434221146470](DOI: 10.1177/21651434221146470)[ ](DOI: 10.1177/21651434221146470)[cdtei.sagepub.com](cdtei.sagepub.com)  \nKarrie A. Shogren, PhD 1, Valerie L. Mazzotti, PhD2, Tyler A. Hicks, PhD 1, Sheida K. Raley, PhD 1, Daria Gerasimova, PhD 1, Jesse R. Pace, PhD 1, Stephen M. Kwiatek, PhD2 Darcy Fredrick, MAT2,  \nJared H. Stewart-Ginsburg, PhD2, Richard Chapman, PhD 1,  \nand Danielle Wysenski, PhD2,3  \nAbstract  \nPromoting self-determination is essential to effective transition services and supports. The Goal Setting Challenge App (GSC App) was developed to deliver self-determination instruction via technology, building on the evidence-based SelfDetermined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI). This article presents data on goal attainment outcomes for students with disabilities who participated in a small, cluster-randomized controlled trial (C-RCT) of the GSC App during the 2020 to 2021 academic year and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Findings suggest it is highly probable the GSC App enhances student transition goal attainment outcomes after one semester, with students three times more likely to attain their self-identified transition goals in the GSC App than in the business-as-usual condition. The impact of COVID-19 on implementation and sample loss is described, as are implications for research and practice.  \nKeywords  \ngoal setting, self-determination, transition, secondary students with disabilities, technology, group experimental  \nPromoting and enhancing self-determination are recognized as a best practice in secondary transition for students with disabilities (Rowe et al. , 2021) . Leaving highschool with higher levels of self-determination is a predictor of postschool success (Mazzotti et al. , 2021; Shogren et al. , 2015) . Multiple skills and abilities can bea focus of instruction during secondary education leading to enhanced self-determination, including goal setting and attainment skills (Shogren et al. , 2015) . However, there are ongoing challenges to implementing evidence-based self-determination instruction in schools with sufficient fidelity (Shogren, Raley et al., 2021) . The COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated challenges associated with equitable access to effective instruction to prepare students to set and go after their goals, building self-determination abilities, skills, and attitudes, as they transition from school to adult life (Rowe et al. , 2020; Toste et al. , 2021) .  \nOne evidence-based practice to support the development of self-determination for transition-age students is the SelfDetermined Learning Model of Instruction (SDLMI; Shogrenet al., 2018) . The SDLMI is an instructional model teachers overlay on their instruction to promote self-regulated problem  \nsolving as students learn to self-direct the process of setting and going after their goals. When applied in the context of transition planning, secondary teachers focus on supporting students to identify goals, develop action plans, and evaluate their progress toward their transition goals across domains (e.g., high school completion, postschool employment, ongoing education, and community participation) to determine what adjustments are needed to move forward toward valued adult outcomes. The ultimate goal of the SDLMI is the student  \n1 University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA 2University of North Carolina-Charlotte, USA 3Durham Academy, NC, USA  \n*Stephen M. Kwiatek is now affiliated with Utah State University, USA **Jared H. Stewart-Ginsburg is now affiliated with Francis Marion University, USA.  \nCorresponding Author:  \nKarrie A. Shogren, Kansas ","cbCaia2LaV6xswYd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia2LaV6xswYd","pdf",651521,15,"English","# Abstract\n## Self-determination and SDLMI basis\n## Study design and trial period\n## Findings on goal attainment and impact of COVID-19\n## Implications for research and practice","[{\"question\":\"What is the Goal Setting Challenge App (GSC App) designed to do?\",\"answer\":\"The GSC App delivers self-determination instruction via technology, building on the SDLMI framework for students to set goals and work toward them.\"},{\"question\":\"What research design evaluated the GSC App?\",\"answer\":\"The article reports outcomes from a small, cluster-randomized controlled trial (C-RCT) conducted during the 2020 to 2021 academic year.\"},{\"question\":\"How did the GSC App affect students’ transition goal attainment?\",\"answer\":\"Findings indicate it is highly probable the GSC App enhances transition goal attainment outcomes after one semester, with students three times more likely to attain self-identified goals than in business-as-usual conditions.\"}]","The Goal Setting Challenge App: Impact on Transition Goal Attainment Outcomes of Students With Disabilities - Article | PDF",1792086849,38]