[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-323369-105":59,"doc-detail-323369-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","the-fort-hill-address-of-john-ccalhoun-address-on-the-relation-between-states-and-general-government","THE FORT HILL ADDRESS - OF JOHN C.CALHOUN - Address on the Relation Between States and General Government","","The Fort Hill Address by John C. Calhoun examines the relationship between the separate States and the United States General Government from the beginning of the constitutional system. It reviews how the issue divided public sentiment during the Constitution’s formation and how later political struggles reaffirmed the controversy. Calhoun presents a central doctrine: the General Government arises from the people of the States, and the Constitution functions as a compact to which each State is a party, with States retaining the right to judge and interpose against unconstitutional power.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-fort-hill-address-of-john-ccalhoun-address-on-the-relation-between-states-and-general-government/323369/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-fort-hill-address-of-john-ccalhoun-address-on-the-relation-between-states-and-general-government/323369.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Maeve","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",15,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does Calhoun argue about how the General Government was formed?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"He argues that the General Government emanated from the people of the several States, forming distinct political communities, rather than from all the people forming one aggregate community.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How does Calhoun define the Constitution of the United States?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"He states that the Constitution is a compact to which each State is a party in the described character of sovereign political communities.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What right does Calhoun attribute to the States regarding constitutional violations?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"He contends that States (as parties to the compact) have the right to judge infractions, and in cases of deliberate, palpable, and dangerous power not delegated, they have the right to interpose to arrest the evil and maintain their authorities, rights, and liberties.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},323369,1790351719,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},5909877438554,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/5600025385ad2bf12a7?_k=1778553567797529272","D  \n☆  \n cn.i.  \n7  \n1  \nMarygrsue College Libnany  \nJC 70  \n☆  \nTHEFORT HILL  \nADDRESS  \nOF JOHN C.CALHOUN  \n☆ ☆ ☆  ☆  ☆  ☆  \n# THE FORT HILL ADDRESS\n\nOF  \nJOHN C.CALHOUN  \nTHEFORT HILL ADDRESS  \nOFJOHN C.CALHOUN,JULY 26,1831  \nReprinted and distributed as a public service by THE VIRGINIACoMMISSION oN CoNSTITUTIONAL GoVERNMENT,as the fourthin a series of vital documents on State and Federal relations.  \nTHE FORT HILL ADDRESS  \nTHE nulification crisis that centered in South Carolina in theearly 183o's occupies the attention of few historians today.Nomore than a handful of students,intent upon their examinations,could explain why the Tariff of Abominations was thought soabominable in the South.These events have passed from publicawareness,and no longer are much remembered.  \nIt is a pity.Some of the greatest political thinkers of this Re-public grappled with profound questions during this period ofcrisis—Calhoun and Hayne on the one side,the majestic Webster,the angry Jackson,on the other.To return to their debates todayis to gain a sharp,penetrating insight into the structure of ourgovernment.  \nTo be sure,structures have a way of taking on different aspectswhen seen from different points of view;but it may be that accu-rate bench-marks may be established only by several sightings,from varying positions.Calhoun's point of view merits a carefulre-reading today.He saw the Constitution as a compact amongStates,and he threw the whole weight of his intellect into aneffort to see that compact respected.  \nThe Fort Hill Address (it was a written statement,not aspeech)contains passages of particular reference to the Tariffproblem,which,because of lack of popular interest today,havebeen deleted from this publication.It also contains,however,theessence of Calhoun's views on the nature of the Constitution.Thebrilliant Carolinian has been dead now for more than a century,but the vitality of his ideas has not faded.To a generation thatknows not Calhoun,we respectfully urge this brief acquaintancewith a strong mind at work.  \n—THE VIRGINIA CoMMISSION ON CoNSTITUTIONALGOVERNMENT,Richmond,Virginia.  \nApril,1960.  \n# THE FORT HILL ADDRESSOF JOHN C.CALHOUN\n\nOn the Relation which the States and GeneralGovernment Bear to Each Other  \nHE question of the relation which the Statesand General Government bear to each otheris not one of recent origin.From the com-mencement of our system,it had dividedpublic sentiment.Even in the convention,while the Constitution was struggling into  \nexistence,there were two parties as to what this relationshould be,whose different sentiments constituted no smallimpediment in forming that instrument.After the GeneralGovernment went into operation,experience soon provedthat the question had not terminated with the labors of theConvention.The great struggle that preceded the politicalrevolution of 1801,which brought Mr.Jefferson into power,turned essentially on it,and the doctrines and arguments onboth sides were embodied and ably sustained;—on the one,inthe Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions,and the Report tothe Virginia Legislature;—and on the other,in the replies ofthe Legislature of Massachusetts and some of the other States.  \n1  \nThese Resolutions and this Report,with the decision of theSupreme Court of Pennsylvania about the same time(particu-larly in the case of Cobbett,delivered by Chief Justice M'Kean,and concurred in by the whole bench),contain what I be-lieve to be the true doctrine on this important subject.I referto them in order to avoid the necessity of presenting myviews,with the reasons in support of them,in detail.  \nAs my object is simply to state my opinions,I might pausewith this reference to documents that so fully and ably stateall the points immediately connected with this deeply-impor-tant subject;but as there are many who may not have theopportunity or leisure to refer to them,and as it is possible,however clear they may be,that different persons may placedifferent interpretations on their meani","cbCaiuJ2tbEXPxAI","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuJ2tbEXPxAI","pdf",846228,28,"English","# THE FORT HILL ADDRESS\n## On the Relation which the States and General Government Bear to Each Other\n## The origins of the dispute over state and general government\n## Calhoun’s stated doctrine: a constitutional compact and state authority to judge","[{\"question\":\"What does Calhoun argue about how the General Government was formed?\",\"answer\":\"He argues that the General Government emanated from the people of the several States, forming distinct political communities, rather than from all the people forming one aggregate community.\"},{\"question\":\"How does Calhoun define the Constitution of the United States?\",\"answer\":\"He states that the Constitution is a compact to which each State is a party in the described character of sovereign political communities.\"},{\"question\":\"What right does Calhoun attribute to the States regarding constitutional violations?\",\"answer\":\"He contends that States (as parties to the compact) have the right to judge infractions, and in cases of deliberate, palpable, and dangerous power not delegated, they have the right to interpose to arrest the evil and maintain their authorities, rights, and liberties.\"}]","THE FORT HILL ADDRESS - OF JOHN C.CALHOUN - Address on the Relation Between States and General Government | PDF",1789965037,71]