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PKM, a key glycolysis enzyme, has two splice isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2, whose expression pattern in NEPCa remains unclear. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and bioinformatics analysis were used to assess PKM1/PKM2 expression in mouse and human prostatic tissues. Results: PKM2 predominated across development and PCa progression, with reduced levels in murine NEPCa. PKM1 mainly appeared in stromal cells, was absent in most adenocarcinoma samples, but detected in subsets of NEPCa, alongside altered mRNA levels of PKM isoforms. Conclusion: The study defines isoform-specific metabolic expression across prostate stages and supports understanding metabolic changes in PCa subtypes.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-expression-of-pkm1-and-pkm2-in-developing-benign-and-cancerous-prostatic-tissues/330496/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-expression-of-pkm1-and-pkm2-in-developing-benign-and-cancerous-prostatic-tissues/330496.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are PKM1 and PKM2 in the context of prostate cancer metabolism?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"PKM1 and PKM2 are splice isoforms of pyruvate kinase M, an enzyme catalyzing the final step of glycolysis. The study focuses on how their expression relates to energy metabolism during prostate development and cancer progression.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was PKM1/PKM2 expression measured in mouse and human tissues?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine protein expression, and bioinformatics analysis supported evaluation of expression patterns in prostatic tissues.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What expression pattern was observed for PKM1 and PKM2 across benign and cancerous prostate stages?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"PKM2 was predominant throughout prostate development and PCa progression, with slightly reduced expression in murine NEPCa. PKM1 was mainly expressed in stromal cells, was largely absent in most adenocarcinoma specimens, but present in a subset of NEPCa.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},330496,1790786567,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":41},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","TYPE Original Research PUBLISHED 12 April 2024  \nDOI 10.3389/fonc.2024.1392085  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nEDITED BY  \nBenyi Li,  \nUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, United States  \nREVIEWED BY  \nZongbing You,  \nTulane University, United States Wang Liu,  \nUniversity of Kansas Medical Center, United States  \nXiaolin Zi,  \nUniversity of California, Irvine, United States  \n*CORRESPONDENCE  \nXiuping Yu  \n [xiuping.yu@lsuhs.edu](xiuping.yu@lsuhs.edu)  \nRECEIVED 26 February 2024  \nACCEPTED 27 March 2024  \nPUBLISHED 12 April 2024  \nCITATION  \nLi L, Cheng S, Yeh Y, Shi Y, Henderson N, Price D, Gu X and Yu X (2024) The expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in developing, benign, and cancerous prostatic tissues.  \nFront. Oncol. 14:1392085 .  \ndoi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1392085  \nCOPYRIGHT  \n© 2024 Li, Cheng, Yeh, Shi, Henderson, Price, Gu and Yu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.  \nThe expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in developing, benign, and cancerous prostatic tissues  \nLin Li 1,2, Siyuan Cheng 1,2, Yunshin Yeh 3, Yingli Shi 1,2,  \nNikayla Henderson 1, David Price 4, Xin Gu 5 and Xiuping Yu 1,2,4*  \n1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States, 2 Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States, 3 Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Service, Overton Brooks VA Medical Center, Shreveport, LA, United States, 4 Department of Urology, LSU Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States, 5 Department of Pathology, LSU Health Sciences  \nCenter at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States  \nBackground: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPCa) is the most aggressive type of prostate cancer (PCa) . However, energy metabolism, one of the hallmarksof cancer, in NEPCa has not been well studied. Pyruvate kinase M (PKM), which catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, has two main splicing isoforms, PKM1 and PKM2 . The expression pattern of PKM1 and PKM2 in NEPCa remains unknown.  \nMethods: In this study, we used immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, and bioinformatics analysis to examine the expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in mouse and human prostatic tissues.  \nResults: We found that PKM2 was the predominant isoform expressed throughout prostate development and PCa progression, with slightly reduced expression in murine NEPCa. PKM1 was mostly expressed in stromal cells but low-level PKM1 was also detected in prostate basal epithelial cells. Its expression was absent in the majority of prostate adenocarcinoma (AdPCa) specimens but present in a subset of NEPCa. Additionally, we evaluated the mRNA levels of ten PKM isoforms that express exon 9 (PKM1-like) or exon 10 (PKM2-like) . Some of these isoforms showed notable expression levels in PCa cell lines and human PCa specimens.  \nDiscussion: Our study characterized the expression pattern of PKM1 and PKM2 in prostatic tissues including developing, benign, and cancerous prostate. These findings lay the groundwork for understanding the metabolic changes in different PCa subtypes.  \nKEYWORDS  \nPKM1, PKM2, neuroendocrine, prostate cancer, metabolism  \nFrontiers in Oncology 01 [frontiersin.org](frontiersin.org)  \n1 Introduction  \nHuman prostate is a male reproductive accessory gland. It comprises multiple cell types, including luminal epithelial, basal epithelial, and stromal cells (1). Prostate cancer (PCa), the most prevalent cancer among American men, typically originates from luminal epithelial cells, leading to prostate adenocarcinoma (AdPCa)(2, 3) . Androgen deprivation th","cbCaifYRGRFZvgUM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifYRGRFZvgUM","pdf",8485373,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Discussion\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What are PKM1 and PKM2 in the context of prostate cancer metabolism?\",\"answer\":\"PKM1 and PKM2 are splice isoforms of pyruvate kinase M, an enzyme catalyzing the final step of glycolysis. The study focuses on how their expression relates to energy metabolism during prostate development and cancer progression.\"},{\"question\":\"How was PKM1/PKM2 expression measured in mouse and human tissues?\",\"answer\":\"Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to examine protein expression, and bioinformatics analysis supported evaluation of expression patterns in prostatic tissues.\"},{\"question\":\"What expression pattern was observed for PKM1 and PKM2 across benign and cancerous prostate stages?\",\"answer\":\"PKM2 was predominant throughout prostate development and PCa progression, with slightly reduced expression in murine NEPCa. PKM1 was mainly expressed in stromal cells, was largely absent in most adenocarcinoma specimens, but present in a subset of NEPCa.\"}]","The expression of PKM1 and PKM2 in developing, benign, and cancerous prostatic tissues | PDF",1789989168]