[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-294081-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-294081-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","the-etiology-of-criminality-nonbehavioral-science-perspectives-a-definitive-bibliography","The Etiology of Criminality - Nonbehavioral Science Perspectives - A Definitive Bibliography","","A definitive bibliography compiling recent literature in the NCJRS collection on biological influences on criminal behavior, tracing how theories of criminality evolved from classical free-will ideas through positivist biological determinism to modern sociological and psychological correlates. The work emphasizes biological, genetic, and medical studies of causes, including neurological abnormalities, learning disabilities, and related organismic processes rather than treating crime as solely environment-driven. It also clarifies that selections do not revive nature-nurture debate.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-etiology-of-criminality-nonbehavioral-science-perspectives-a-definitive-bibliography/294081/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-etiology-of-criminality-nonbehavioral-science-perspectives-a-definitive-bibliography/294081.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Patrick","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-18","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main focus of this bibliography on criminality?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"It compiles recent literature on biological influences on criminal behavior, emphasizing biological, genetic, and medical studies tied to organismic factors.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the introduction describe the evolution of theories of criminality?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"It describes shifting dominance from classical and positivist approaches to later emphases on sociological and psychological correlates, while arguing that none explains crime fully in isolation.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What types of biological or medical topics are highlighted in the cited material?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The bibliography reviews studies on epileptic disorders, electroencephalogram abnormalities, learning disabilities, minimal brain dysfunctions, visual problems, and neurological and chemical-balance disturbances in the brain.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},294081,1789674773,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":144,"preview_page_count":4},549758146520,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80002397d8c0411e94?_k=1775819394049821470","The Etiology of Criminality:Nonbehavioral Science PerspectivesA Definitive Bibliography  \ncompiled byJames R.BrantleySenior Document Evaluator  \nMarjorie Kravitz  \nSupervising Editor  \nNational Criminal Justice Reference Service  \nJune 1979  \nU.S.Department of JusticeLaw Enforcement Assistance AdministratlonNatlonal Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice  \nLaw Enforcement Assistance AdministrationHenry S.Dogin,AdministratorHomer F.Broome,Jr.,Deputy Administrator for Administration  \nNational Institute of Law Enforcementand Criminal JusticeHarry M.Bratt,Acting Director  \nGot a Moment?  \nWe'd like to know what you think of the NCJRS DefinitiveBibliography series.  \nA reader's questionnaire is printed on the last page ofthis publication.The postage is prepaid and the question-naire is designed to facilitate your response.Won't you takea few moments to complete it?Your answers will helpNCJRS provide you with more useful publications.Thankyou for your cooperation.  \nA limited number of paper and mlcroflche copies of this publicationare distributed by the National Criminal Justice Reference Service,When roquesting this document.please use the following identifi-cation number:NCJ 60117.  \nTable of Contents  \nIntroduction…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………V  \nHow To Obtain These Documents……………………………………………vii  \nBibllography………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………1  \nSubject Index…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………29  \nAuthor Index………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………33  \nReader Survey  \niii  \n# Introduction\n\nOver the centuries peopie have sought to understand the forces which causesome menbers of society to commit criminal acts.Thaories of criminality haveevolved as new ideas have coursed through society,some attaining preeminence fora time before being subsumed under a new wave of thought.Each of these,such asthe classical school,which held free will paramount,and the positivist school,whichheld that criminal behavior was biologically determined,has some contribution tomake toward the study of crime;yet none of them,when taken in isolation,adequatelyexplains the phenomenon of crime.  \nEarly theories focused on biological determinants,holding that criminal be-havior was inherited orwas a manifestation of an evolutionary throwback,or atavism.As the classical school gave way to positivism,so positivism gradually eroded as thedominant school of criminology under the onslaught of psychology and sociology.  \nIn recent years the focus has been on sociological and psychological correlatesof crime一poverty,unemployment,discrimination,poor family life,and early child-hood deprivation are some of the factors that have been associated with criminality.  \nAlthough the literature of the social sciences makes an important contributionto our understanding of criminality,it does not hold all the answers.Current researchhas pointed to some possible determinants of criminal behavior in the organism it-self.It is appropriate to examine some of the work of nutritionists,doctors,biologistsand others from the physical sciences asweseekanew,holistic synthesis concerningcriminality.  \nCesare Lombroso's I'uomo delinquente(1876)is generally considered thebeginning of the study of biological factors on criminality,although physiognomy,the study of faciai features,and phrenology,the study of external cranial structure,had been known as early as the time of Aristotle and had evolved into recognizeddisciplines by the time Lavater's Physiognomical Fragments (1775)was published.The biological model of criminality focuses on biological,somatological,end an-thropological factors as they influence criminal behavior.This orientation posits thecriminal as biologically different fromother humans.Lombroso's \"atavistic criminal,\"Goring's \"criminai.diathesis,\"and Sheldon's somatotypes are examples,althoughnow largely discredited.  \nThis bibliography is a compilation of recent literature in the NCJRS collectionon biol","cbCaiq43ZebgWnq3","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq43ZebgWnq3","pdf",5321505,52,"English","# Introduction\n## Historical development of criminality theories\n## Scope and purpose of the bibliography\n## Overview of cited biological topics","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of this bibliography on criminality?\",\"answer\":\"It compiles recent literature on biological influences on criminal behavior, emphasizing biological, genetic, and medical studies tied to organismic factors.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the introduction describe the evolution of theories of criminality?\",\"answer\":\"It describes shifting dominance from classical and positivist approaches to later emphases on sociological and psychological correlates, while arguing that none explains crime fully in isolation.\"},{\"question\":\"What types of biological or medical topics are highlighted in the cited material?\",\"answer\":\"The bibliography reviews studies on epileptic disorders, electroencephalogram abnormalities, learning disabilities, minimal brain dysfunctions, visual problems, and neurological and chemical-balance disturbances in the brain.\"}]","The Etiology of Criminality - Nonbehavioral Science Perspectives - A Definitive Bibliography | PDF",131]