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Grounded in a philosophical position tied to Foucault’s analysis of parrēsia, it argues that parrēsia reshapes the subjectivity of the truth-teller and supports critical consciousness through praxis. Emphasis is placed on ethical responsibilities, courage, and risk taking, as engagement with equity and justice guides inquiry toward social good and positive social change.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-ethics-of-critical-inquiry-educational-research-informed-by-parrhesia/599804/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-ethics-of-critical-inquiry-educational-research-informed-by-parrhesia/599804.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"PakDamar76","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the paper’s central focus on ethics and critical inquiry?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The paper studies the interplay between ethics and critical inquiry in educational research, using a truth-telling philosophical position tied to parrēsia.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does parrēsia influence educational research and critical inquiry?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Parrēsia is presented as an alternative approach that reorients the truth-teller’s subjectivity and supports the development of critical consciousness through praxis, dialogue, and action.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the paper argue that critical inquiry needs rethinking?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It argues many approaches begin from ideological superiority, proceduralize ethics in technocratic ways that silence truth-telling, and may enable cynical manipulative forms that misuse notions of liberation and empowerment.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},599804,1792160695,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090893057,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","| \u003Cbr>| The Ethics of Critical Inquiry: Educational Research Informed by Parrhēsia |\n| --- | --- |\n\nDavid J. Roof, Elena Polush, & Philip Boltz, Ball State University  \nAbstract  \nThe intent of this paper is to examine the interplay of ethics and critical inquiry. We situate our thinking within a truth-telling philosophical position, specifically Foucault’s analysis of parrhēsia (truth telling) and associated concerns. Central to our writing is a beliefin educational research contributing to social good and positive change. The emphasis is on the ethical responsibilities of critical methodologists informed by the notion ofparrhēsia. We argue that parrhēsia, as an alternative approach to critical inquiry reorients the subjectivity of the truth-teller. Critical inquiry guided by parrhēsia emphasizes the development of critical consciousness in that it requires praxis, one that involves actions and dialog. It elevates the commitment to engagement over self-interest, and is informed by principles of equity and justice through actions. This involves courage and risk taking, key commitments ofparrhēsia. In our paper, we examine the implications of courage and risk taking in the context of educational research. We conclude with a discussion of the significance of an educational research framework informed by parrhēsia.  \nKeywords: educational research, research framework, critical inquiry, Michael Foucault, parrhēsia, ethics, truth telling, subjectivity  \nIntroduction  \nMy intention was not to deal with the problem of truth, but with the problem of the truth-teller, or of truth-telling as an activity: ...whois able to tell the truth, about what, with what consequences, and with what relations to power…[W]ith the question of the importance of telling the truth, knowing who is able to tell the truth, and knowing why we should tell the truth...1  \nResearch is a journey inspired by a researcher’s willingness to look beyond obvious answers and commit to social change.2 This journey demands sustained engagement and an awareness of the  \n1. Michel Foucault, Fearless Speech, Semiotext(E) Foreign Agents (Los Angeles, CA: MIT Press, 2001) .  \n2. W. Newton Suter, Introduction to Educational Research: A Critical Thinking Approach,(Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, 2006) .  \nCritical Questions in Education (Special Issue) 8:2 Spring 2017 83  \nconsequential nature of the research process and findings.3 Our focus is on educational research conceived within the tradition of critical inquiry. One that involves researchers going beyond theorizing, interrogating data points to engage with political discourses, advocating for public good and promoting a more socially-just democratic society.4  \nThe intent of this paper is to examine the interplay of ethics and critical inquiry. We look at this point of intersection within a truth-telling philosophical position, specifically Foucault’s analysis of parrhēsia (παῤῥησία) and associated concerns. The concept of parrhēsia has received some scholarly attention in the development of free speech arguments.5 However, its potential role in and connection to education and educational research are limited to a few key works.6 We seek to contribute to this emerging discussion.  \nWe believe that the concept of parrhēsia is central to educational research oriented toward the quest for social good. We extend this perspective by examining the ethical and moral responsibilities of critical methodologists informed by parrhēsia. We argue for the need to re-examine critical inquiry that intervenes on axiological, ontological, epistemological and methodological levels. We explore the concept of parrhēsia to re-conceptualize critical inquiry in educational research. We conclude by reflecting on the potential significance of an educational research framework informed by parrhēsia. Before undertaking this analysis it’s important to note why re-envisioning critical inquiry might be needed.  \nMost approaches to critical inquir","cbCaioLWfeYTp9XE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaioLWfeYTp9XE","pdf",638358,"English","# Introduction\n## Ethics and truth-telling in critical inquiry\n## Parrēsia as a framework for educational research","[{\"question\":\"What is the paper’s central focus on ethics and critical inquiry?\",\"answer\":\"The paper studies the interplay between ethics and critical inquiry in educational research, using a truth-telling philosophical position tied to parrēsia.\"},{\"question\":\"How does parrēsia influence educational research and critical inquiry?\",\"answer\":\"Parrēsia is presented as an alternative approach that reorients the truth-teller’s subjectivity and supports the development of critical consciousness through praxis, dialogue, and action.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the paper argue that critical inquiry needs rethinking?\",\"answer\":\"It argues many approaches begin from ideological superiority, proceduralize ethics in technocratic ways that silence truth-telling, and may enable cynical manipulative forms that misuse notions of liberation and empowerment.\"}]","The Ethics of Critical Inquiry: Educational Research Informed by Parrhēsia | PDF",1792089473,48]