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The trial includes glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, fibrinogen, and estradiol, with measurements performed using biochemical assays and chemoluminescence. Oat grains are consumed 3 times weekly for 4 months, replacing typical carbohydrate portions, yielding significant glucose and HDL-cholesterol reductions, fibrinogen increases, and estradiol changes depending on ovarian status.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-effects-of-diet-enrichment-with-a-hull-less-oat-cultivar-on-glucose-lipid-lipoprotein-fibrinogen-and-estradiol/292768/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-effects-of-diet-enrichment-with-a-hull-less-oat-cultivar-on-glucose-lipid-lipoprotein-fibrinogen-and-estradiol/292768.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"4398046744996","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the study’s main goal?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To assess how adding hull-less oat Akt to the diet of post-mastectomy women influences blood glucose, lipid and lipoprotein markers, fibrinogen, and estradiol levels.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were the oat portions administered?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Participants consumed oat grains 3 times per week for 4 months, using 10–15% of diet energy (or about 70 g portions equivalent to 15–20% of diet energy), replacing usual carbohydrate foods at meals.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which blood markers showed statistically significant changes?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Oat enrichment produced significant reductions in glucose and HDL-cholesterol, and a significant increase in fibrinogen. Estradiol increased significantly in post-hysterectomy women, with additional context dependent on ovarian status.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},292768,1789655121,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":66,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":29,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":130,"read_time":143},4398046744996,"Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci. 2003, Vol. 12/53, No 4, pp. 69Ð74  \nTHE EFFECTS OF DIET ENRICHMENT WITH A HULL-LESS OAT CULTIVAR ON GLUCOSE, LIPID, LIPOPROTEIN, FIBRINOGEN, AND ESTRADIOL CONTENTS IN THE BLOOD  \nOF POST-MASTECTOMY WOMEN  \nMariola Friedrich  \nDepartment of Human Nutrition Physiology, Faculty of Food Science and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Szczecin, Szczecin  \nKey words: post-mastectomy women, hull-less oats, glucose, lipids and lipoproteins, fibrinogen, estradiol  \nThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of enriching the uncorrected diet of post-mastectomy women with a hull-less oat Akt cultivar on the subjectsÕ blood glucose, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, fibrinogen, and estradiol levels. The cholesterols were assayed in a closed system, with Roche reagents in an Integra biochemical analyser. The fibrinogen level was determined, following clotting, with a Behring BCT DADE, while estradiol was assayed by chemoluminescence in a DPC Immulite instrument. The subjects consumed oat grains 3 times a week, for 4 months, in amounts constituting 10Ð15% of the diet energy value. Whenever consumed, oats replaced a carbohydrate product usually served for a meal (e.g. bread for breakfast, lunch or dinner, or potatoes, grits, rice, pasta etc. for lunch or dinner) . The oat enrichment was found to produce a statistically significant (P\u003C0.01) reduction in the glucose (from 98 to 90 mg/dL) and HDL-cholesterol (from 59.3 to 55.9 mg/dL) levels as well as a significant (P\u003C0.01) increase in the fibrinogen concetration (from 280 to 361 mg/dL) . The post--hysterectomy women showed a significant (P\u003C0.05) increase in the blood estradiol level (from 10.0 to 19.5 pg/mL) . Changes in triacylglycerol (from 126 to 130 mg/dL), total cholesterol (from 206 to 202 mg/dL), and LDL-cholesterol (from 122 to 115 mg/dL) levels as well as those of estradiol (from 62 to 290 pg/mL) in those subjects with intact ovaries were in significant.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nLong-term studies carried out by the author on post--mastectomy women have supplied data demonstrating frequent carbohydrate-lipid metabolism disorders in the subjects [Friedrich, 1998 b, 2000] . For this reason, in addition to comprehensive nutrition-related education and advice, such women concerned are recommended to enrich their diet with components that make it possible to maintain their metabolism at a correct level, without any special dietary regime or additional supplementation. Such components include dietary fibre present in various foods. The hypolipoemic effects of dietary fibre, including beta-glucans, on blood lipids and lipoproteins have already been well documented [Gerhardt & Gallo, 1998; Nicolosi et al., 1999; Olson & Schneeman, 1998] .  \nIn 1997, a new hull-less oat cultivar (Avena sativa var. nuda), known under the name of Akt, was began to be grown in Poland. Its grain, intended for consumption, does not require hull removal. Its dietary fibre content (40% of the dry weight) is twice that of the regular hulled oats (19.3% of the dry weight) and oat bran (20.3% of the dry weight) [G􀂗recka et al., 1998], with beta-glucans making up most of the dietary fibre. The very promising results with respect to the hypolipoemic effects of the Akt oats, obtained in an experiment involving male and female rats [Friedrich & Piech, 2000] prompted the author to carry out a study involving post-mastectomy women.  \nThe aim of the present study was to evaluate effects of enriching the corrected in no other way diet, of post--mastectomy women with the hull-less oat on the subjectsÕ blood glucose, lipid, lipoprotein, estrogen, and fibrinogen levels.  \nMATERIALS AND METHODS  \nThe study involved 14 post-mastectomy, non-smoking women (7 post-ovariectomy subjects with the so-called negative estrogen receptors and 7 with intact ovaries, positive receptors, menstruating, and taking Tamoxifen, a non-steroid estrogen receptor blocker), aged 35-50 years, with B","cbCaio0Elfp6cmBy","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaio0Elfp6cmBy","pdf",113486,"English","# Introduction\n# Materials and Methods","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s main goal?\",\"answer\":\"To assess how adding hull-less oat Akt to the diet of post-mastectomy women influences blood glucose, lipid and lipoprotein markers, fibrinogen, and estradiol levels.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the oat portions administered?\",\"answer\":\"Participants consumed oat grains 3 times per week for 4 months, using 10–15% of diet energy (or about 70 g portions equivalent to 15–20% of diet energy), replacing usual carbohydrate foods at meals.\"},{\"question\":\"Which blood markers showed statistically significant changes?\",\"answer\":\"Oat enrichment produced significant reductions in glucose and HDL-cholesterol, and a significant increase in fibrinogen. Estradiol increased significantly in post-hysterectomy women, with additional context dependent on ovarian status.\"}]","THE EFFECTS OF DIET ENRICHMENT WITH A HULL-LESS OAT CULTIVAR ON GLUCOSE, LIPID, LIPOPROTEIN, FIBRINOGEN, AND ESTRADIOL | PDF",15]