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This study examines relationships among perceived racism, cultural resilience, and educational engagement and academic outcomes in a sample of N=63, developing a new reliable and valid measure.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-effects-of-aboriginal-tertiary-students-perceived-experiences-of-racism-and-of-cultural-resilience-on-educational-engagement-research-study/594241/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-effects-of-aboriginal-tertiary-students-perceived-experiences-of-racism-and-of-cultural-resilience-on-educational-engagement-research-study/594241.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Kurz","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-20","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What gap does the study address about racism and cultural resilience in tertiary education?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"Research on Aboriginal tertiary students’ experiences of racism and cultural resilience is limited. The study addresses this by examining how both factors relate to educational engagement and academic outcomes.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"How was the relationship between perceived racism and student outcomes tested?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"The study proposed that higher perceived racism would be associated with lower engagement and academic outcomes. It also linked racism experiences to perceptions of a less supportive learning environment and lower learning, developmental, and satisfaction outcomes.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"What new measurement does the study introduce?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"The study developed a new measure of Aboriginal tertiary students’ experience of racism during their studies, demonstrating good reliability and validity.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},594241,1792165284,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,95,100,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":92,"show_sort_weight":93,"slug":94},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":96,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":101,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},2336478945635,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","The effects of Aboriginal tertiary students’perceived experiences of racism and of cultural resilience on educational engagement  \nJordan Gibbs1 2 4, Yin Paradies3, Graham Gee1 4, and Nick Haslam4  \n1 Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia, [email: jordan.gibbs@mcri.edu.au](email: jordan.gibbs@mcri.edu.au)  \n2 Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, Swinburne University of Technology, 582 Heidelberg Road, Alphington, Victoria, 3078, Australia  \n3 Faculty of Arts and Education, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia  \n4 Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia  \nRacism pervasively impacts the lives of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and is a substantial barrier to accessing, engaging and succeeding within secondary education. Cultural resilience and support have been identified as critical to Aboriginal success within racist institutions.  \nHowever, research examining experiences of racism and cultural resilience among Aboriginal tertiary students is limited. This study explored the relationship between racism, cultural resilience, and educational engagement and academic outcomes in a sample of these students (N = 63) . We proposed that higher perceived racism would be associated with lower engagement and academic outcomes. The study also developed a new measure of Aboriginal tertiary students’ experience of racism during their studies, which demonstrated good reliability and validity. Experiencing racism was associated with perceiving a less supportive learning environment, and with lower learning outcomes, developmental outcomes and overall student satisfaction.  \nKeywords: racism, Indigenous tertiary students, cultural resilience  \nIntroduction  \nThe United Nations has recognised the need for a “global fight against racism …and all [its] abhorrent and evolving forms and manifestations”(United Nations, 2009, p. 5) . Racism can be defined as unfair and avoidable inequalities in power, access, resources and opportunities across racial and ethnic groups as a result of organised systems within society (Berman & Paradies, 2010) . Phenomena in which racism can manifest include stereotypes, beliefs, prejudices and discrimination. These can occur across multiple individual and societal levels, including internalised racism (i.e., incorporation of racist attitudes, beliefs or ideologies into an individual’s worldview); interpersonal racism (i.e., racism occurring in interactions between people); and systemic racism (i.e., the racist control of and access to labour, physical resources and symbolic resources within a society or institution) (Berman & Paradies, 2010) . Racism can also be  \ndirect, where unequal treatment produces unequal opportunity, or indirect, where equal treatment results in unequal opportunities (Berman & Paradies, 2010) .  \nRecent literature indicates that racism is increasing in many institutional contexts within Australia, including education (Bodkin-Andrews & Carlson, 2016; Paradies et al., 2015) . Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander1 university students’ involvement in tertiary education is currently in a challenging period (Day et al., 2015; Pechenkina & Anderson, 2011). Education is pivotal in supporting a high quality of life, promoting wellbeing and righting the inequities that impact disadvantaged groups (Bodkin-Andrews & Carlson, 2016; Shkolnikov et al., 2006), but Aboriginal people experience significant inequities in accessing and engaging with education (Behrendt et al., 2012). Research in Aboriginal tertiary education has found that racism continues to be a substantial barrier to accessing, engaging with and succeeding in tertiary education (Day et al., 2015) . Although Aboriginal students report similar levels of engagement, learning outcomes and satisfaction with tertiary stu","cbCairglWKHBJgUM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairglWKHBJgUM","pdf",387426,18,"English","# Introduction\n## Background on racism and its forms\n## Racism in Australian education and tertiary participation\n## Aboriginal tertiary students: engagement, outcomes, and barriers\n## Limited research on racism experiences and cultural resilience\n## Study focus and research gaps","[{\"question\":\"What gap does the study address about racism and cultural resilience in tertiary education?\",\"answer\":\"Research on Aboriginal tertiary students’ experiences of racism and cultural resilience is limited. The study addresses this by examining how both factors relate to educational engagement and academic outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the relationship between perceived racism and student outcomes tested?\",\"answer\":\"The study proposed that higher perceived racism would be associated with lower engagement and academic outcomes. It also linked racism experiences to perceptions of a less supportive learning environment and lower learning, developmental, and satisfaction outcomes.\"},{\"question\":\"What new measurement does the study introduce?\",\"answer\":\"The study developed a new measure of Aboriginal tertiary students’ experience of racism during their studies, demonstrating good reliability and validity.\"}]","The effects of Aboriginal tertiary students’perceived experiences of racism and of cultural resilience on educational engagement - Research study | PDF",1792078787,45]