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A single-group pre-test/post-test experimental design was implemented with 20 students from a public school. Over six weeks, learners used geoboard-based activities and familiar games including Tangram, Motif, Equilibrio, Penta Block, plus researcher-designed Geoboard-GT and Geoboard-SV games. Results show significant gains in Van Hiele Geometry post-test scores and improved spatial visualization test outcomes, except for numerical-spatial and mental rotation dimensions.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-effect-of-geometry-based-brain-teasers-on-the-geometric-thinking-levels-and-spatial-visualization-skills-of-middle-school-students/580141/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-effect-of-geometry-based-brain-teasers-on-the-geometric-thinking-levels-and-spatial-visualization-skills-of-middle-school-students/580141.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The study examined the effects of geometry-based brain teasers on students’ geometric thinking levels and spatial visualization skills.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was the intervention implemented in the study?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The experimental group played Tangram, Motif, Equilibrio, Penta Block, and used geoboard games Geoboard-GT and Geoboard-SV over six weeks.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"Which assessment tools and statistical test were used?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Data were collected using the Turkish adaptation of the Van Hiele Geometry Test and the Spatial Visualization Test, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was used for analysis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},580141,1792251669,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},7971461740886,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","The Effect of Geometry-Based Brain Teasers on the Geometric Thinking Levels and Spatial Visualization Skills of Middle School Students  \nHalil Canavcı 1 & Asuman Duatepe Paksu2  \nIn this study, the effects of geometric-based brain teasers on the geometric thinking levels and spatial visualization skills of middle school students were examined. A single-group pre-testpost-test experimental design, which is a quantitative research method, was used in the study. The study sample comprised 20 middle school students attending a public school. Within the scope of the study, the experimental group played the familiar games, such as Tangram, Motif, Equilibrio, and Penta Block, as well as the Geoboard-GT and Geoboard-SV games designed by the researchers and applied to the geoboard for a total of six weeks. The Turkish adaptation of the Van Hiele Geometry Test (developed by Usiskin, 1982, and adapted by Duatepe, 2000) and the Spatial Visualization Test developed by Olkun (2003b) were used as data-collection instruments. In the data analysis, the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test, a nonparametric test, was used because the group’s pre-test and post-test scores did not follow a normal distribution. The findings revealed that students’ Van Hiele Geometry post-test scores increased significantly compared with their pre-test scores across specific levels, total scores, and assigned levels. A significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test scores on the spatial visualization test, favoring the post-test. In addition, although a significant difference was observed in favor of post-test scores for the spatial and area measurement sub-dimensions of the spatial visualization test, no significant difference was observed for the numerical-spatial and mental rotation dimensions.  \nKeywords: Geometry; brain teasers; geometric thinking level; spatial visualization; secondary school students.  \nArticle Information:  \nResearch Article  \nSubmitted: February 01, 2025 Revised: January 21, 2026 Accepted: February 26, 2026  \nHow to cite:  \nCanavcı, H. & Duatepe Paksu, A. (2026). The Effect of Geometry-Based Brain Teasers on the Geometric Thinking Levels and Spatial Visualization Skills of Middle School Students. Journal of Inquiry Based Activities, 16(1), 76-102.  \n1 Ministry of National Education, Denizli, Türkiye, ORCID number: 0009-0003-2410-6512 E-mail: [h.canavci@gmail.com](h.canavci@gmail.com)  \n2 Pamukkale University, Faculty of Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Denizli, Türkiye, ORCID number: 0000-0003-2504-6294 E-mail: [asumanduatepe@gmail.com](asumanduatepe@gmail.com)  \nJIBA/ATED 2026; 16(1):76-102 Canavcı, H. & Duatepe Paksu, A.  \nIntroduction  \nGeometry is a subfield of mathematics that plays a significant role in the concretization of mathematical concepts, encompassing many of the shapes and structures encountered in daily life. Therefore, the primary objective of geometry instruction in schools should be to enable students to think and reason by establishing connections between mathematical domains, while also fostering skills such as logical consistency in their findings (Özdemir & Çekirdekçi, 2022) . In geometric thinking, establishing relationships between geometric shapes and concepts is paramount for solving geometry problems (Van de Walle, Karp, & Bay-Williams, 2010) .  \nGeometry instruction should prioritize the development of students' skills in comprehending the properties of two- and three-dimensional objects, as well as their spatial visualization and reasoning capabilities (National Council of Teachers of Mathematics [NCTM], 2000) . Spatial visualization and geometric thinking are not only significant in geometry education but also represent fundamental human skills essential for daily life. Furthermore, these skills are required in various fields and professions, including engineering, design, graphics, science, chemistry, and the arts.  \nAlthough not all individuals think about geometric conc","cbCaiqZCAxS8OBHp","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqZCAxS8OBHp","pdf",440699,27,"English","# Introduction\n## Geometry instruction and geometric thinking\n## Spatial visualization and daily-life relevance\n## Development of spatial reasoning\n## Game-based approaches in geometry education\n# Method and data analysis\n## Research design and participants\n## Intervention activities and games\n## Instruments and statistical analysis\n# Results and findings\n## Van Hiele Geometry post-test improvements\n## Spatial visualization test outcomes","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"The study examined the effects of geometry-based brain teasers on students’ geometric thinking levels and spatial visualization skills.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the intervention implemented in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The experimental group played Tangram, Motif, Equilibrio, Penta Block, and used geoboard games Geoboard-GT and Geoboard-SV over six weeks.\"},{\"question\":\"Which assessment tools and statistical test were used?\",\"answer\":\"Data were collected using the Turkish adaptation of the Van Hiele Geometry Test and the Spatial Visualization Test, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test was used for analysis.\"}]","The Effect of Geometry-Based Brain Teasers on the Geometric Thinking Levels and Spatial Visualization Skills of Middle School Students | PDF",1792037020,68]