[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-611235-105":59,"doc-detail-611235-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","the-earliest-americans-paleo-indians-study-notes","The Earliest Americans - Paleo-Indians - study notes","","Explores the earliest inhabitants of the Americas, beginning with Paleo-Indians crossing Beringia around 12,000 years ago and spreading rapidly across the continents. Reviews how researchers reconstruct prehistory using artifacts, blood types, genes (DNA), and languages. Describes the Clovis people, their spear-point technology, and the disappearance of big-game hunting after about 11,000–11,500 years ago. Traces cultural change toward fishing, smaller-game hunting, farming, domestication, and the rise of civilization, then highlights major cultures and achievements including the Olmec, Maya, Teotihuacán, Aztecs, Hohokam, Anasazi, Hopewell, and Mississippian/Cahokia.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/the-earliest-americans-paleo-indians-study-notes/611235/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/the-earliest-americans-paleo-indians-study-notes/611235.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"วิน","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/octet-stream","2026-10-19",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"How did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas, and when?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"Paleo-Indians crossed Beringia, the land connection across the Bering Strait, around 12,000 years ago.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"What evidence do historians and anthropologists use to study early populations without written records?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"They study artifacts, blood types, genes (DNA), and languages.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"Who were the Clovis people, and what happened to their culture?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"The Clovis people were identified by their spear-point style and were plentiful around 11,500 years ago. Their culture disappeared as big-game hunting ended and large animals went extinct.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},611235,1792403454,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":138,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},2336475104736,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c4c5e0e5b17e70?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786591360781797222","The Earliest Americans\n© Student Handouts, Inc.\nwww.studenthandouts.com\nPaleo-Indians\nPaleo-Indians\nPaleo from palaios (“ancient” in Greek)\nIndians from Columbus’ mistake\nBeringia\nIce sheet across the Bering Strait that connected what’s now Russia (Siberia) and Alaska\nPaleo-Indians crossed Beringia circa 12,000 years ago\nSpread quickly throughout the Americas\nAnthropologists, archaeologists, and historians look at artifacts, blood types, genes (DNA), and languages\nClovis People\nIdentified by their style of spear point\nPlentiful circa 11,500 years ago\nHunter-gatherers—mammoth, mastodon, etc.\nCirca 11,000 years ago—large animals became extinct\nUnknown if extinctions caused by climate change, natural causes, or over-hunting\nClovis culture disappeared with big game\nCultural Change\nPost-Clovis artifacts reveal hooks for fishing and spear points for killing smaller game\nFarming culture developed\nDomestication of plants\nCirca 5,000 years ago—maize (corn) cultivated in Mexico\nStable food supply\nCivilization\nStable food supply = permanent settlements\nExcess food supply = job specialization\nBuilders, leaders, organizers, potters, weavers, etc.\nCivilization—complex culture, centered around cities, with people working at specialized occupations who operate under complex government\nThe Olmec\nDeveloped circa 1500 BCE along the Gulf of Mexico\nMesoamerican civilizations’ “mother culture”\nEarthen temple mounds\nEarliest American written language\nCultural diffusion through trade\nThe Maya\nDeveloped in modern-day Guatemala\nCivilization but not an empire—each religious center (city) independent\nAchievements\nKnowledge of astronomy—developed a calendar\nMathematics—invented a symbol for zero\nReligiously significant rubber ball game with stone-walled playing courts\nDeclined circa 900 CE but culture survived throughout Central America and Yucatan\nReview Questions\nHow and when did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas?\nWhat tools and evidence do historians use to understand the past in the absence of written records?\nWho were the Clovis people?\nWhen and where was maize (corn) first cultivated?\nHow does agriculture lead to civilization?\nWhat did the Olmec contribute to civilization?\nWhat did the Maya contribute to civilization?\nTeotihuacán\nBuilt circa 300 CE in the Valley of Mexico\nPlanned city was one of the world’s largest\nNeighborhoods arranged by societal role, etc.\nPolitical and religious structure\nPriest-rulers\nNumerous gods, such as Quetzalcóatl\nSacrifices of agricultural products, animals, and humans\n750 CE—city ended violently\nAztecs\nInvaders from what is now northern Mexico\nCirca 1325—settled on Lake Texcoco\nAztec empire covered most of what is now central Mexico\n1450—period of drought and famine brought on massive amounts of human sacrifice\nBy 1500—recovery with population of approximately 250,000—world’s most populous city\nHohokam\nLocated in the southwestern American desert\nIrrigation—dams collected water and canals carried water to crops\nAgriculture—“Three Sisters”—beans, corn, and squash\nDeclined circa 1300\nAnasazi\nLocated on the Colorado plateau\nPracticed irrigation farming alongside hunting and gathering\nTowns built into sides of canyons\nPueblo Bonito in what is now Chaco Canyon, New Mexico—trading center\nDeclined circa 1300\nHopewell\nLocated in North American Eastern Woodlands\nCirca 500 BCE-700 CE—Hopewell culture in Ohio Valley\nMound-builders—leaders buried in large earthen mounds\nCirca 700 CE—large defensive earthworks last evidence of this culture\nMississippian Culture\nDeveloped in Mississippi Valley and southeast portion of what is now the United States, along flood plains\nDistinctive feature—flat-topped mounds\nCahokia\nLocated in modern-day western Illinois\nOver 100 mounds\nPopulation approximately 30,000\nRemnants of Mississippian culture survived to 1700\nReview Questions\nWhat was Teotihuacán and how did it operate?\nDescribe the world’s most populous city in 1500 and the people who lived there.\nWhat were the “Three Sisters”?\nDescri","cbCaivkPb3zSNtHR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaivkPb3zSNtHR","ppt",1359360,15,"English","# Paleo-Indians\n## Beringia and migration\n## Clovis People and cultural change\n# From Farming to Civilization\n## Stable food and specialization\n## Olmec culture\n## Maya achievements\n# Major Later Civilizations\n## Teotihuacán\n## Aztecs\n## Hohokam and Anasazi\n## Hopewell and Mississippian Culture\n## Cahokia","[{\"question\":\"How did Paleo-Indians first arrive in the Americas, and when?\",\"answer\":\"Paleo-Indians crossed Beringia, the land connection across the Bering Strait, around 12,000 years ago.\"},{\"question\":\"What evidence do historians and anthropologists use to study early populations without written records?\",\"answer\":\"They study artifacts, blood types, genes (DNA), and languages.\"},{\"question\":\"Who were the Clovis people, and what happened to their culture?\",\"answer\":\"The Clovis people were identified by their spear-point style and were plentiful around 11,500 years ago. Their culture disappeared as big-game hunting ended and large animals went extinct.\"}]","The Earliest Americans - Paleo-Indians - study notes | PPT",1792380910,38]